Kapitel 118 - Sphincter Mechanism Incontinence

Question 1

What factors are suspected of contributing to Sphincter Mechanism Incontinence?

Answer 1

a. urethral tone
b. urethral length
c. bladder neck position
d. body size and breed
e. gonadectomy
f. hormones

Question 2

what is the most common medical treatment for urethra sphincter mechanism incontinence (USMI)?

Answer 2

Phenylpropanolamin (Alpha- adregenic agonist)

Question 3

Give examples of surgical techniques aiming to increase urethral length and relocate the bladder position.

Answer 3

a. Colposuspension
b. Urethropexy
c. Cystourethropexy

Question 4

Give examples of surgical techniques aiming to increase urethral resistance

Answer 4

a. Bulking agents
b. Transpelvic urethral sling
c. Transobturator vaginal tape
d. Artificial urethral sphincter

Question 5

What is the success rate (completely continent) for urethropexy alone and in combinations with colopsuspension?

Answer 5

a. Alone: 56%
b. Combined: 70%

Question 6

What are the size guidelines for artificial urethral sphincters?

Answer 6

a. The sphincter should be slightly oversized to avoid obstruction of the urethra.

b. The appropriate artificial urethral sphincter size can be estimated as being roughly 50% of the circumference: for instance, if the circumference of the urethra measures 20 mm, a 10-mm artificial urethral sphincter is chosen