Kapitel 33 – Degenerativ Lumbosacral stenosis Flashcards
Where dose the spinal cord terminate?
a. From L4 (giant/large breeds) to L6 (dogs < 15) or L7 (toy breeds)
Which nerves form the cauda equina?
S1, S2, S3 and the caudal nerves.
How many percentages tested positive for bacteria on culture of intervertebral disc material operated for degenerative lumbosacral stenosis?
23%
Name the possible causes of degenerative lumbosacral stenosis.
a. Hansen type 2
b. Transitional vertebra
c. Congenital osseous stenosis of the vertebral foramina
d. Sacral osteochondrosis
e. Proliferation of the joint capsule or ligament
f. Osteophytosis of the articular processes
g. Epidural fibrosis
h. Instability/subluxation of L7-S1
Name typical findings on CT sagittal plane in dogs with degenerative lumbosacral stenosis
a. Collaps of the intervertebral disk space
b. End plate sclerosis
c. Vacum disc phenomenom
d. Ventral spondylosis
e. Ventral subluxation of the sacrum
f. Elongation of the sacral lamina into the caudal apenture of the L7 foramen
Name some techniques that’s been described stabilization of lumbosacral articulation
a. Pins and screws embedded in polymethylmethacrylate
b. Dorsal crosspinning
c. Cortical screws in lag-fashion across the zyoapophyseal joints
d. String of pearls plate system
e. Pedicle screw rod fixation
What is the long term outcome reported after surgery?
a. Ca 79 % returns to normal function and 93% have clinical improvement.
b. In dogs with severe clinical signs, only 50% returned to normal.
What is considered a negative prognostic factor?
The presence of urinary and fecal incontinence and the duration of urinary incontinence.
What factors have shown correlation with a positive outcome?
Younger age and less severe signs.
