Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Flashcards
What is JIA?
A chronic paediatric arthritis that presents before age 16 and lasts more than 6 weeks
In which gender is JIA more common?
6 times more common in females
What is the classic presentation of systemic JIA?
Salmon pink rash
Joint tenderness, swelling and redness
Intermittent fever
What is the aetiology of JIA?
Thought to be autoimmune in nature, but the exact cause is not known
What are the different subsets of JIA?
Oligoarticular
Rhematoid factor negative
Polyarticular
Rheumatoid factor positive
Systemic onset JIA
What investigations are helpful in diagnosing JIA?
CRP
ESR
FBC
Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA)
Rheumatoid factor
What are the differentials of JIA?
Septic arthritis
Malignancy
Reactive arthritis
Osteomyelitis
SLE
What is the first line treatment of JIA?
Methotrexate
What is the second line treatment of JIA?
Sulfasalazine
What treatment option may be considered in children who have fewer joints affected?
Intra-articular steroids
What is oligoarticular JIA?
Less than 4 joints
What is polyarticular JIA?
More than 4 joints involved
Which joints does oligoarticular JIA affect?
Large joints such as the knee and ankle
Which joints does polyarticular JIA affect?
Small joints in the hands and feet, as well as large joints
