Hernias Flashcards
What is an inguinal hernia?
A protusion of the intra abdominal contents (bowel) into the inguinal canal
What is the most common form of inguinal hernia in children?
Indirect inguinal hernia
Where does the hernia protude through in an indirect inguinal hernia?
Through the deep inguinal ring into the inguinal canal and through the superficial inguinal ring into the groin
What are the risk factors for inguinal hernia?
Male
Prematurity
Family history of hernia
What are the features of inguinal hernia?
Groin swelling
Nausea and vomiting
Abdominal pain
What are the features of a inguinal hernia mass?
Is reducible when lying flat
Does not transilluminate
Positive cough reflex
What are the features of a strangulated hernia?
Not reducible
Tense tender lump
Pain out of proportion to clinical signs
Features of bowel obstruction
Which side are inguinal hernias most commonly on?
70% of inguinal hernias are right sided
What are the differentials of an inguinal hernia?
Varciocele
Hydrocele
What investigations are used in the diagnosis of inguinal hernia?
Ultrasound
CT
MRI
What is the management of inguinal hernia?
Surgical repair
What are the complications of an inguinal hernia?
Strangulation
Recurrence
Incarceration
Bowel obstruction
What is congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
When the diaphragm fails to close during prenatal development allowing the abdominal organs to move up into the chest
How many children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia survive?
50%
How do neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia present?
With respiratory distress shortly after birth
Bowel sounds can be heard in the chest
