Asthma in Children Flashcards
What is the first step in management of childhood asthma?
Inhaled SABA - salbutamol
What is the second step in management of childhood asthma?
Add low dose ICS
What is the third step in management of childhood asthma?
Add monteleukast if over 5 (can also add a LABA if over 5 years)
What are the additional add on steps in the management of asthma?
Increase dose of ICS
Addition of fourth drug - theophylline
What type of hypersensitivity reaction is asthma?
Type 1 hypersensitivity
What is the first line management in an acute asthma attack?
Inhaled salbutamol
What is the second line management in an acute asthma attack?
Nebulised salbutamol
What is the third line management in an acute asthma attack?
Nebulised ipratropium bromide
What treatment should be added if there is no response to inhaled therapies?
IV hydrocortisone
IV magnesium sulfate
IV salbutamol
IV aminophylline
What are the features of a severe exacerbation of asthma?
Respiratory distress
HR > 110
Peak flow 33-50% of expected
What are the features of a life-threatening exacerbation of asthma?
Peak flow < 33% of expected
Oxygen sats < 92%
Silent chest on auscultation
Hypotension
Confusion
Cyanosis
What else should all children having an exacerbation of asthma be given?
Oral steroids
What might be seen on a CXR of an asthmatic child?
Hyperinflation of the lungs
What are the symptoms of asthma in children?
Cough
Breathlessness
Wheeze
Tight chest
What are the differentials of asthma in children?
Respiratory tract infections
Viral wheeze
Foreign body inhalation
Bronchiolitis
Allergic reaction/anaphylaxis
