FN: Vertigo Flashcards
Defintiion
the illusion of movement
Causes
Peripheral/Vestibular
Central
Peripheral/Vestibular
Menieres
BPV
Labyrinthitis
Central
Acousti neuroma
MS
Vertebrobasila insufficiency/stroke/ Head injury
Inner ear syphilis
Drugs (central/ototoxic)
Gentamicin
Loop diuretics
Metronidazole
Co-trimoxazole
History
Is it true vertigo or just light-headedness? - which way are things moving?
timespab
Associated symptoms: n/v, hearing loss, tinnitus. nystagmus
Examination and tests
Hearing Cranial nerves Cerebellum and gait Rombergs +ve = vestibular or proprioception Hallpike manouvre Audiometry, calorimetry, LP, MRI
Menieres disease path
dilatation of endolymph spaces of membranous labyrinth (endolymphatic oedema)
Menieres disease presenation
Attacks occur in clusters and last up to 12 h Pregressive SNHL Vertigo and n/v Tinnitus Aural fullness
Menieres disease investigations
audiometry shows low-freq SNHL which fluctuates
Menieres disease Rx Medical and surgical
Medical: Vetrigo: cyclizine, betahistine
Surgical:
- Gentamicin instillation via grommests
- Saccus decompression
Vestibular Neuronitis/Viral Labyrinthitis presentation
Follows febrile illness (e.g. URTI)
Sudden vomiting
Severe vertigo exacerbated by head movement
Vestibular Neuronitis/Viral Labyrinthitis Rx
Cyclizine
Improvement in days
Bening Positional Vertigo: BPV pathology
displacement of otoliths in semicircular canals
Common after head injury
BPV presentation
sudden rotational vertigo for
