FN: Gait Disturbance

Question 1

Motor causes

Answer 1

Basal ganglia
UMN bilateral
UMN unilateral
LMN bilateral
LMN unilateral
Mixed UMN and LMN: MAST

Question 2

Basal ganglia defect gait type

Answer 2

Festinating/shuffling

Question 3

Basal ganglia causes

Answer 3

PD

Parkinosnia: MSA, PSP, Lewy body dementia, CBD

Question 4

UMN bilateral gait type

Answer 4

Spastic, scissoring

Question 5

UMN bilateral causes

Answer 5

1. Cord: compression, trauma, hereditary spastic paraparesis, syrinomyelia, transverse myelitis
2. Bihemispheric: CP, MS

Question 6

UMN unilateral gait type

Answer 6

Spastic circumducting

Question 7

UMN unilateral causes

Answer 7

Hemipshere lesion: CMT, GBS

Hemicord: MS, tumour

Question 8

LMN bilateral gait presentation

Answer 8

foot drop bilateral

Question 9

LMN bilateral caues

Answer 9

Polyneuropathy: CMT, GBS

Cora equina

Question 10

LMN unilateral presentation

Answer 10

foot drop - high stepping gait

Question 11

LMN unilateral causes

Answer 11

An horn: polio
Radicular: L5 root lesion
Sciatic/common peroneal nerve: trauma, DM

Question 12

Mix UMN and LMN : MAST

Answer 12

MND
Ataxia: friedrichs
SACD
Taboparesis

Question 13

Sensory causes of Gait disturbance causes

Answer 13

1. Vestibular (Rombergs +ve)
2. Cerebellar
3. Proprioceptive loss
4. Visual loss

Question 14

Vestibular

Answer 14

• Menieres
• Viral labyrinthitis
• Brainstem lesion

Question 15

Cerebellar presentation and causes

Answer 15

Ataxic

• EtOH
• Infarct

Question 16

Proprioceptive Loss (Rombergs+ve)

Answer 16

• Dorsal columns: B12 defiency

- Peripheral neuropathy: DM, EtOH, uraemia

Question 17

Other non sensory no motor causes of gait disturbance

Answer 17

Myopathy, MG/LEMS

Medical: postural hypotension, Stokes-Adams, arthritis