Final Exam: Ch 22

Question 1

Muscle plays an important role in cleansing inhaled air. It is produced by ______ of the respiratory tract

Answer 1

Goblet cells

Question 2

Which structure is highlighted

Answer 2

Laryngeal cartilages

Question 3

This diagram shows some of the muscles that are active during inhalation. Which muscle is labeled 1

Answer 3

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 4

What are the most numerous cells in the lungs

Answer 4

Dust cells

Question 5

Which of the following is a lung disease marked by a reduced number of cilia, reduced motility of the remaining cilia, goblet cell hypertrophy and hyper secretion and thick sputum

Answer 5

Chronic bronchitis

Question 6

Congestive heart failure results in which of the following

Answer 6

Ischemic hypoxia

Question 7

Which bronchus is about 5cm long and slightly narrower and less vertical than the one on the opposite side

Answer 7

Left main bronchus

Question 8

Upon inspiration what is the name of the air in the conducting zone that is not available for gas exchange

Answer 8

Anatomical dead space

Question 9

During exercise which of the following directly increases respiratory rate

Answer 9

Anticipation of the needs of exercising muscle

Question 10

Which structure is labeled 2

Answer 10

Cricoid cartilage

Question 11

Respiratory arrest is an irreversible condition

Answer 11

False

Question 12

Among its other purposes how is the Valsalva maneuver used

Answer 12

To aid in defecation and urination

Question 13

If one inspired through their nose which of the following answers has the correct order of structures the air would move through

Answer 13

1. Nares
2. Vestibule
3. Nasal cavity
4. Nasopharynx
5. Oropharynx
6. Laryngopharynx
7. Larynx
8. Trachea
9. Primary bronchus
10. Secondary bronchus
11. Tertiary bronchus
12. Bronchiole
13. Terminal bronchiole
14. Respiratory bronchiole
15. Alveolar duct
16. Alveolar sac
17. Alveolus

Question 14

The vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves carry afferent signals from peripheral chemoreceptors to a chemosensitive area in the

Answer 14

Medulla oblongata

Question 15

In one passage through a bed of systemic blood capillaries the blood gives up about what percentage of its oxygen

Answer 15

20% to 25%

Question 16

Crude sounds are formed into intelligible speech by all of the following except

Answer 16

Epiglottis

Question 17

What is indicated in this figure

Answer 17

Lobar bronchi

Question 18

In the air we breathe which gas is found in the highest concentration

Answer 18

Nitrogen

Question 19

Which of the following cartilages is largest

Answer 19

Larynx

Question 20

The upper respiratory tract extends from the nose through the

Answer 20

Larynx

Question 21

This diagram shows some of the muscles that’s are active during inhalation. Which muscle is labeled 3

Answer 21

Internal intercostals

Question 22

What is the basic distinction between an alveolar duct and an alveolar atrium

Answer 22

Their shape

Question 23

Gas transport is the process of carrying gases from the alveoli to the systemic tissues and vice versa

Answer 23

True

Question 24

How is the vital capacity calculated

Answer 24

Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

Question 25

Which 2 ligaments extend from the thyroid cartilage to the arytenoid cartilage

Answer 25

Vestibular and vocal

Question 26

Name the cartilage labeled 2

Answer 26

Thyroid cartilage

Question 27

What type of cell is labeled 1

Answer 27

Great alveolar cell

Question 28

The lungs have a total of 5

Answer 28

Lobes

Question 29

Which of the following has no effect on oxyhemoglobin dissociation

Answer 29

Erythrocytes count

Question 30

What is the function of the cell labeled 1

Answer 30

They secrete of pulmonary surfactant

Question 31

The _______ system exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the air whereas the _______ system transports oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body

Answer 31

Respiratory Circulatory

Question 32

The heart indents into the _____ of the left lung

Answer 32

Cardiac notch

Question 33

What type of cell is labeled 3

Answer 33

Alveolar macrophage

Question 34

Which law states that the total atmospheric pressure is a sum of the contributions of the individual gases

Answer 34

Dalton’s

Question 35

Which of the following would lead to anemic hypoxia

Answer 35

Sickle-cell disease

Question 36

The amount of air in excess of tidal volume that can be inhaled with max effort is the

Answer 36

Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 37

Each alveolus is surrounded by a web of blood capillaries supplied by the

Answer 37

Pulmonary artery

Question 38

Which 2 of the muscles labeled on this diagram are the principal respiratory muscles of inspiration (The other 2 act as synergism’s and are considered accessory)

Answer 38

2 and 4

Question 39

Which of the following would slow down gas exchange between the blood and alveolar air

Answer 39

An increase in membrane thickness

Question 40

Breathing is controlled solely by the medulla oblongata and pons

Answer 40

False