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A&P 2 > Final Exam: Ch 22 > Flashcards

Final Exam: Ch 22 Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle plays an important role in cleansing inhaled air. It is produced by ______ of the respiratory tract

A

Goblet cells

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2
Q

Which structure is highlighted

A

Laryngeal cartilages

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3
Q

This diagram shows some of the muscles that are active during inhalation. Which muscle is labeled 1

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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4
Q

What are the most numerous cells in the lungs

A

Dust cells

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5
Q

Which of the following is a lung disease marked by a reduced number of cilia, reduced motility of the remaining cilia, goblet cell hypertrophy and hyper secretion and thick sputum

A

Chronic bronchitis

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6
Q

Congestive heart failure results in which of the following

A

Ischemic hypoxia

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7
Q

Which bronchus is about 5cm long and slightly narrower and less vertical than the one on the opposite side

A

Left main bronchus

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8
Q

Upon inspiration what is the name of the air in the conducting zone that is not available for gas exchange

A

Anatomical dead space

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9
Q

During exercise which of the following directly increases respiratory rate

A

Anticipation of the needs of exercising muscle

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10
Q

Which structure is labeled 2

A

Cricoid cartilage

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11
Q

Respiratory arrest is an irreversible condition

A

False

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12
Q

Among its other purposes how is the Valsalva maneuver used

A

To aid in defecation and urination

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13
Q

If one inspired through their nose which of the following answers has the correct order of structures the air would move through

A
  1. Nares
  2. Vestibule
  3. Nasal cavity
  4. Nasopharynx
  5. Oropharynx
  6. Laryngopharynx
  7. Larynx
  8. Trachea
  9. Primary bronchus
  10. Secondary bronchus
  11. Tertiary bronchus
  12. Bronchiole
  13. Terminal bronchiole
  14. Respiratory bronchiole
  15. Alveolar duct
  16. Alveolar sac
  17. Alveolus
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14
Q

The vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves carry afferent signals from peripheral chemoreceptors to a chemosensitive area in the

A

Medulla oblongata

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15
Q

In one passage through a bed of systemic blood capillaries the blood gives up about what percentage of its oxygen

A

20% to 25%

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16
Q

Crude sounds are formed into intelligible speech by all of the following except

A

Epiglottis

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17
Q

What is indicated in this figure

A

Lobar bronchi

18
Q

In the air we breathe which gas is found in the highest concentration

A

Nitrogen

19
Q

Which of the following cartilages is largest

A

Larynx

20
Q

The upper respiratory tract extends from the nose through the

A

Larynx

21
Q

This diagram shows some of the muscles that’s are active during inhalation. Which muscle is labeled 3

A

Internal intercostals

22
Q

What is the basic distinction between an alveolar duct and an alveolar atrium

A

Their shape

23
Q

Gas transport is the process of carrying gases from the alveoli to the systemic tissues and vice versa

A

True

24
Q

How is the vital capacity calculated

A

Expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

25
Q

Which 2 ligaments extend from the thyroid cartilage to the arytenoid cartilage

A

Vestibular and vocal

26
Q

Name the cartilage labeled 2

A

Thyroid cartilage

27
Q

What type of cell is labeled 1

A

Great alveolar cell

28
Q

The lungs have a total of 5

A

Lobes

29
Q

Which of the following has no effect on oxyhemoglobin dissociation

A

Erythrocytes count

30
Q

What is the function of the cell labeled 1

A

They secrete of pulmonary surfactant

31
Q

The _______ system exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the air whereas the _______ system transports oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body

A

Respiratory
Circulatory

32
Q

The heart indents into the _____ of the left lung

A

Cardiac notch

33
Q

What type of cell is labeled 3

A

Alveolar macrophage

34
Q

Which law states that the total atmospheric pressure is a sum of the contributions of the individual gases

A

Dalton’s

35
Q

Which of the following would lead to anemic hypoxia

A

Sickle-cell disease

36
Q

The amount of air in excess of tidal volume that can be inhaled with max effort is the

A

Inspiratory reserve volume

37
Q

Each alveolus is surrounded by a web of blood capillaries supplied by the

A

Pulmonary artery

38
Q

Which 2 of the muscles labeled on this diagram are the principal respiratory muscles of inspiration
(The other 2 act as synergism’s and are considered accessory)

A

2 and 4

39
Q

Which of the following would slow down gas exchange between the blood and alveolar air

A

An increase in membrane thickness

40
Q

Breathing is controlled solely by the medulla oblongata and pons

A

False

A&P 2 (55 decks)

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