Final Exam: Ch 18 Flashcards
which of the following is not considered in the buffy coat
erythrocytes
a normal hematocrit is ______ of the total blood volume
37% to 52%
which of the following is not normally found in plasma
glycogen
what is the most abundant protein in plasma
albumin
which of the following would not decrease the blood colloid osmotic pressure (COP)
a diet predominantly based on red meat
serum is essentially identical to plasma except for the absence of
fibrinogen
tissues can become edematous (swollen) when which of the following occurs
there is a dietary protein deficiency
where does myeloid hemopoiesis take place in adults
red bone marrow
the viscosity of blood is due more to the presence of ____ than to any other factor
erythrocytes
erythrocytres transport oxygen and
transport some carbon dioxide
most oxygen is transported in the blood bound to
heme group in hemoglobin
what would happen if all of the hemoglobin contained within the RBC’s became free in the plasma
it would significantly increase blood osmolarity
an increased erythropoietin (EPO) output by the kidneys would lead to all of the following except
increased hyopxemia
where do most RBC’s die
spleen and liver
which of the following would not lead to polycythemia
iron deficiency
which of the following is most likely to cause anemia
renal disease
which of the following is not true of a patient with anemia
their blood viscosity is increased
what is the final product of the breakdown of the organic nonprotein moiety of hemoglobin
billirubin
correction of hypoxemia is regulated by
a negative feedback loop
a deficiency of _____ can cause pernicious anemia
vitamin B12
which of the following is not true regarding sickle-cell disease
it is a cause of malaria
a person with type A blood can safely donate RBC’s to someone of type ____ and can received RBC’s from someone of type _____
AB; O
a person with type AB blood has _____ RBC antigen(s)
A and B
why are pregnant RH- females given an injection of Rh immune globin
antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-D antibodies
the univeral donor of RBC’s but not necessarily plasma is blood type
O, RH-negative
an individual has type B, Rh-positive blood. the individual has ____ antigen(s) and can produce anti- ____ antibodies
B and D
A
A female’s first pregnancy is normal but her second pregnancy results in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). The second child needed a transfusion to completely replace the agglutinating blood. The mother is most likely type ___ and both children are most likely ______
Rh-negative
B, Rh-positive
what are the least abundant of the formed elements
basophils
what are the most abundant agrunlucytes
lymphocytes
the number of _____ typically increases in response to bacterial infections
neutrophils
leukopoiesis begins with the differentiation of
hematopoietic stem cells
some lymphocytes can survive as long as
decades
a patient is diagnosed with leukocytosis
if they have more than ____ WBC’s
10,000
what is the largest leukocyte that contains small cytoplasmic granules and typically a kidney or horseshoe-shaped nucleus
monocyte
the cessation of bleeding is specifically called
hemostasis
which of these does not prevent the spontaneous formation of a clot
the presence of tissue thromboplastin
platelets release _____ a chemical vasoconstrictor that contributes to the vascular spasm
serotonin
most strokes and heart attacks are caused by abnormal clotting of blood in an unbroken vessel. Moreover, a piece of the ____ (clot) may break loose and begin to travel in the bloodstream as a(n) _______
thrombus
embolus
during coagulation which of the following is found in the extrinsic mechanism only
thromboplastin
where are most clotting factors synthesized in the body
liver
