Final Exam: Ch 17

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a hormone?

Answer 1

A chemical messenger transported by the bloodstream that stimulates target cells in another organ often a good distance away

Question 2

Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Which of the following is not an endocrine organ?

Answer 3

Spleen

Question 4

The_________ can be found as part of the epithalamus, near the superior colliculi of the midbrain.

Answer 4

Pineal gland

Question 5

Testosterone is a gonadotropin.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?

Answer 6

They release their secretions into the blood.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a hypothalamic hormone?

Answer 7

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 8

The posterior pituitary releases_________.

Answer 8

oxytocin (OT)

Question 9

Diabetes insipidus is caused by_________.

Answer 9

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hyposecretion

Question 10

The anterior pituitary is_________ the posterior pituitary and has_________ connection to the hypothalamus.

Answer 10

larger than; no neuronal

Question 11

The_________ secretes growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin.

Answer 11

anterior pituitary

Question 12

The hypophyseal portal system connects the_________ with the_________.

Answer 12

anterior pituitary; hypothalamus

Question 13

What makes a cell responsive to a particular hormone?

Answer 13

The presence of a receptor for that particular hormone

Question 14

The nervous system reacts to stimuli_________ compared to the endocrine system, adapts_________ compared to the endocrine system, and has_________ effects compared to the endocrine system.

Answer 14

quickly; quickly; specific

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct abbreviation for the hormone that stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete ACTH?

Answer 15

CRH

Question 16

What is the abbreviation for the hormone also known as vasopressin?

Answer 16

ADH

Question 17

Sending a post card by UPS to your father in California would be __________ while sending a text to him by phone would be ___________

Answer 17

Endocrine system/nervous system

Question 18

Which hormone stimulates glucocorticoid secretion?

Answer 18

ACTH

Question 19

Which of these hormones does not stimulate the release of another hormone by its target cells?

Answer 19

PRL

Question 20

As an example of hormonal communication, when osmoreceptors of the_________ detect dehydration, a signal to the posterior pituitary gland causes the release of_________.

Answer 20

hypothalamus; antidiuretic hormone

Question 21

As an example of hormonal communication, when osmoreceptors of the_________ detect dehydration, a signal to the posterior pituitary gland causes the release of_________.

Answer 21

hypothalamus; antidiuretic hormone

Question 22

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) targets the_________.

Answer 22

Kidneys

Question 23

The hormone called_________ plays an important role in sleep and synchronizing physiological function with the cycle of daylight and darkness.

Answer 23

melatonin

Question 24

The_________ secretes several hormones that stimulate the development of lymphatic organs and regulates development and activity of T cells.

Answer 24

Thymus

Question 25

The_________ secrete(s) PTH, a hormone as a response to low blood calcium level (hypocalcemia).

Answer 25

parathyroid glands

Question 26

The_________ secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate, promotes alertness, quickens reflexes, and stimulates the fetal nervous system.

Answer 26

thyroid gland

Question 27

The_________ secrete(s)_________, which promotes sodium and water retention to maintain blood volume and pressure.

Answer 27

adrenal cortex; aldosterone

Question 28

The zona fasciculata in the adrenal gland secretes_________.

Answer 28

cortisol

Question 29

Many hours after a meal, alpha (α) cells in the pancreatic islets secrete_________, which_________ blood glucose.

Answer 29

glucagon; raises

Question 30

Parathyroid hormone promotes which of the following?

Answer 30

The resorption of calcium from bone

Question 31

Which of the following is not a cause of Cushing syndrome?

Answer 31

Hyperactivity of the adrenal medulla

Question 32

Which of the following is not a characteristic of diabetes mellitus?

Answer 32

Hypoglycemia

Question 33

Which of the following organs has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

Answer 33

The ovary

Question 34

Which of the following is not a steroid hormone?

Answer 34

Insulin

Question 35

Which of the following is synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 35

Glucagon

Question 36

T3 & T4 are_________ hormones that are mainly transported_________ in the blood.

Answer 36

monoamine; bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)

Question 37

Which of the following enters a target cell's nucleus and acts directly on the genes.

Answer 37

Estrogen

Question 38

Match the hormone abbreviations with their function

Answer 38

LH/Stimulate ovulation

Question 39

Which of the following is an increase in the number of receptors making a target cell more sensitive to a hormone?

Answer 39

Up-regulation

Question 40

Neither follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) nor testosterone alone can stimulate significant sperm production, whereas when they act together, the testes produce some 300,000 sperm per minute. This is an example of which principle regarding hormones?

Answer 40

The synergistic effect