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A&P 2 > Final Exam: Ch 17 > Flashcards

Final Exam: Ch 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following best describes a hormone?

A

A chemical messenger transported by the bloodstream that stimulates target cells in another organ often a good distance away

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2
Q

Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.

A

False

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3
Q

Which of the following is not an endocrine organ?

A

Spleen

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4
Q

The_________ can be found as part of the epithalamus, near the superior colliculi of the midbrain.

A

Pineal gland

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5
Q

Testosterone is a gonadotropin.

A

False

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6
Q

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?

A

They release their secretions into the blood.

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7
Q

Which of the following is not a hypothalamic hormone?

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

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8
Q

The posterior pituitary releases_________.

A

oxytocin (OT)

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9
Q

Diabetes insipidus is caused by_________.

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hyposecretion

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10
Q

The anterior pituitary is_________ the posterior pituitary and has_________ connection to the hypothalamus.

A

larger than; no neuronal

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11
Q

The_________ secretes growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin.

A

anterior pituitary

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12
Q

The hypophyseal portal system connects the_________ with the_________.

A

anterior pituitary; hypothalamus

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13
Q

What makes a cell responsive to a particular hormone?

A

The presence of a receptor for that particular hormone

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14
Q

The nervous system reacts to stimuli_________ compared to the endocrine system, adapts_________ compared to the endocrine system, and has_________ effects compared to the endocrine system.

A

quickly; quickly; specific

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15
Q

Which of the following is the correct abbreviation for the hormone that stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete ACTH?

A

CRH

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16
Q

What is the abbreviation for the hormone also known as vasopressin?

A

ADH

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17
Q

Sending a post card by UPS to your father in California would be __________ while sending a text to him by phone would be ___________

A

Endocrine system/nervous system

18
Q

Which hormone stimulates glucocorticoid secretion?

A

ACTH

19
Q

Which of these hormones does not stimulate the release of another hormone by its target cells?

A

PRL

20
Q

As an example of hormonal communication, when osmoreceptors of the_________ detect dehydration, a signal to the posterior pituitary gland causes the release of_________.

A

hypothalamus; antidiuretic hormone

21
Q

As an example of hormonal communication, when osmoreceptors of the_________ detect dehydration, a signal to the posterior pituitary gland causes the release of_________.

A

hypothalamus; antidiuretic hormone

22
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) targets the_________.

A

Kidneys

23
Q

The hormone called_________ plays an important role in sleep and synchronizing physiological function with the cycle of daylight and darkness.

A

melatonin

24
Q

The_________ secretes several hormones that stimulate the development of lymphatic organs and regulates development and activity of T cells.

A

Thymus

25
Q

The_________ secrete(s) PTH, a hormone as a response to low blood calcium level (hypocalcemia).

A

parathyroid glands

26
Q

The_________ secretes a hormone that increases the body’s metabolic rate, promotes alertness, quickens reflexes, and stimulates the fetal nervous system.

A

thyroid gland

27
Q

The_________ secrete(s)_________, which promotes sodium and water retention to maintain blood volume and pressure.

A

adrenal cortex; aldosterone

28
Q

The zona fasciculata in the adrenal gland secretes_________.

A

cortisol

29
Q

Many hours after a meal, alpha (α) cells in the pancreatic islets secrete_________, which_________ blood glucose.

A

glucagon; raises

30
Q

Parathyroid hormone promotes which of the following?

A

The resorption of calcium from bone

31
Q

Which of the following is not a cause of Cushing syndrome?

A

Hyperactivity of the adrenal medulla

32
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of diabetes mellitus?

A

Hypoglycemia

33
Q

Which of the following organs has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

A

The ovary

34
Q

Which of the following is not a steroid hormone?

A

Insulin

35
Q

Which of the following is synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Glucagon

36
Q

T3 & T4 are_________ hormones that are mainly transported_________ in the blood.

A

monoamine; bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)

37
Q

Which of the following enters a target cell’s nucleus and acts directly on the genes.

A

Estrogen

38
Q

Match the hormone abbreviations with their function

A

LH/Stimulate ovulation

39
Q

Which of the following is an increase in the number of receptors making a target cell more sensitive to a hormone?

A

Up-regulation

40
Q

Neither follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) nor testosterone alone can stimulate significant sperm production, whereas when they act together, the testes produce some 300,000 sperm per minute. This is an example of which principle regarding hormones?

A

The synergistic effect

A&P 2 (55 decks)

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