Feline cutaneous reaction patterns + pruritus Flashcards
What is feline atopic syndrome? (FAS)
- Allergic disease involving skin (Feline Atopic Skin Syndrome), GI tract (Feline Food Allergy) and/or respiratory tract (asthma)
- Associated with environmental and/or food allergens
- May be associated with production of allergen-specific IgE
What is feline atopic skin syndrome (FASS)?
- Inflammatory and pruritic dermatitis involving a spectrum of non-specific CRPs
- May be associated with IgE to environmental allergens
- FFA and FAD can mimic and/or contribute to FASS, and their role must be assessed before deciding on therapeutic approach
What is feline food allergy (FFA)?
- Any disease, including FASS, attributable to immunological reactivity to ingested food items
What is the difference between intrinsic + extrinsic FAS disease?
- Extrinsic disease: pathogenesis involves IgE and is demonstrable (via allergy testing)
- Intrinsic disease: same clinical signs, no demonstrable IgE
- Variants of both intrinsic and extrinsic disease may exist for FASS and asthma (with intrinsic FASS being analogous to atopic-like dermatitis of dogs)
What are the primary lesions of canine atopic dermatitis?
erythematous papules
patches
What are the secondary lesions of canine atopic dermatitis?
Excoriations - repeated picking of own skin
lichenification
hyperpigmentation
How is FASS diagnosed?
– Presence of compatible clinical signs & exclude other diseases with similar clinical features
What other diseases must be eliminated for diagnosis of FASS?
Feline atopic skin syndrome
– Fleas/FAD
– Other parasites
– Microbial infections
– Food allergy
What are evidence of pruritus/self-trauma?
- Linear excoriations
- Short, spikey hairs on examination
- Vomiting fur balls
- Hair in faeces
- Embedded hair in gingival sulci and/or tongue
- Clumps of hair in cat’s environment
- Trichogram
– Broken/frayed tips
What are different cutaneous reaction patterns? (CRPs)
- Self-induced alopecia (SIA)
- Head and neck pruritus (HNP)
- Miliary dermatitis (MD)
- Eosinophilic granuloma complex (EGC)
* Eosinophilic plaque
* Eosinophilic granuloma
* Indolent ulcer
What is self-induced alopecia?
- Self-induced due to pruritus
– Non inflamed (macroscopically)
– Areas cat can reach (symmetrical)
– Ventral abdomen, lateral thorax, caudal thighs
– Often linear
Non-pruritic self-induced alopecia is uncommon what may be the cause?
*Anxiety
*Pain - orthopaedic, UTI
What is head + neck pruritus?
- Pruritus
- Excoriations (erosions, ulcers, crusts)
- Face, pre-auricular skin, neck
What is Miliary dermatitis?
- Multiple crusted papules
- Dorsum
- (Caudomedial thighs, ventral abdomen)
What is eosinophilic granuloma complex?
- Three lesions: plaque, granuloma, ulcer
- Cytology and/or histopathology reveal eosinophilic inflammation
- Historically, long list of proposed aetiological triggers
- Now considered a manifestation of ASD
- Idiopathic (probable genetic) cases exist
