Family&Households: Topic 6- Family diversity Flashcards

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1
Q

Modernism and the nuclear family

What are functionalists view of family diversity?

A

That nuclear families are the only family type that can perform the 4 function society needs to rpovide a stable society

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2
Q

Modernism and the nuclear family

What are the new rights view on family diversity?

A

Other family types are dysfunctional, specifically lone women families cannot socialise boys

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3
Q

Modernism and the nuclear family: The new right

What does Benson argue about cohabitation vs marriage?

A
  • Analysed data of parents of over 15000 babies- families breakdown more when in cohabiting couples. 20% compared to 6% of married couples
  • Argues couples are stable when married
  • Marriage is stable- requiring commitment which cohabitation doesnt
  • Benson argues the gov needs to encourage couples to marry by the means of policies
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4
Q

Modernism and the nuclear family

What are some criticism of cohabtation vs marriage?

A

No evidence that children in lone-parent families are more likely to be delinquints that those brought up by nuclear families

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5
Q

Modernism and the nuclear family

What does Chester argue about the neo-conventional family?

A
  • There is not much diversity as everyone has experienced being in a nuclear family
  • An important change is the move from nuclear families to the ‘neo-conventional family’ (dual earners)
  • Argues people who live alone used to be in a nuclear family and will be in the future
  • Most marriages carry onto death and divorcees remarry
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6
Q

Modernism and the nuclear family

What are the criticis of Chesters argument of the neo-conventional family?

A
  • Same sex relationships are not included
  • Some people want to stay single
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7
Q

Modernism and the nuclear family

What do the Rapoports argue about the 5 types of family diversity?

A

Family diversity reflects greater freedom of choice.
* Cultural diversity: Different cultural, religions & ethnic groups have different family structures
* Life-stage diversity: Family structures differ by the stages met in a life cycle
* Organisation diversity: Different ways familiy roles are organised
* Generational diversity: Older & younger gen have different attitudes and experience reflects their periods
* Social class diversity: The result of income differences between different social class

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8
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity

What do postmodernists argue about family diversity?

A

That due to increased choices, our society is like a ‘pick and mix’. Which allows for more freedom of choice but greater risk of stability

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9
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity

What does Stacey argue about postmodern families?

A
  • Greater freedom helps women be free from oppression
  • She used life history interviews to create a case study
  • Women were the main reason for change: rejected tradtitional mother roles
  • They create family types to meet their needs
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10
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity

What is the individualisation thesis?

A

We have become free or ‘disembedded’ from traditional roles and structures leading us to have freedom when choosing how we live our lives.

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11
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity

What are the key factors of the individual thesis?

A
  • Giddens: Choice and equality
  • The pure relationship
  • Same-sex couples as pioneers
  • Beck: the negotiated family
  • The zombie family
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12
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity: Individual thesis

What does Giddens argue about choice and equality?

A

Argues before trad families were held together by external forces like laws and norms but now the family has transformed by greater choice becasue:
* Contraception has allowed sex and intimacy
* Women have gained independece as a result of feminism

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13
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity: Individual thesis

What is the argument for the pure relationship?

A
  • A pure relationship is no longer bound to norms and is to satisy partners needs
  • Relationships become a part of process of self-discovery
  • However with more choice comes less stability, this causes more lone-parent, step families
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14
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity: Individual thesis

What does Giddens argue about same-sex couples as pioneers?

A
  • Sees same-sec relationships leading to new family types and creating more equal relationships
  • Not influenced by trad norms
  • They create family structures to serve their needs
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15
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity: Individual thesis

What does Beck argue about the negotiated family?

A
  • Argues we live in a ‘risk society’ where tradition has less influence
  • More choice=more risk
  • Before, roles were fixed by tradition
  • Patriachal family family provided stability but undermined 2 trends:
  • Greater gender equality
  • Greater individuaism
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16
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity: Individual thesis

What is the zombie family?

A
  • Appears to be alive but in reality is dead
  • People want it to be a haven for security but cannot provide this due to their own instability.
17
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity: Individual thesis

What are some criticisms of the individualisation thesis?

A
  • Exaggerates how much choice people have, traditional norms limit it
  • Thesis wrongly sees people as disembedded, independent individuals
  • Is an idealised version of aa white M/C man ignoring everyone else
18
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity

What does Smart argue about the connectedness thesis?

A
  • Argues were fundementally social beings whoses choices are always made ‘within a web of connectdeness’
  • We live where relationships are interwoven personal histories and strongly influence our range of options and choice
19
Q

Postmodernism and family diversity

What does Finch & Mason argue about the connectedness thesis?

A
  • Study of extended families found that they embedded within the family connection and obligations restricting choice
  • Challenging notions of pure families
  • Not pure- can waslk away at will