Education: Topic 6- Education policy and inequality Flashcards
Education policy before 1988
What as education like in Britain before 1988?
- Only went to school if can afford it
- Industrialisation increased need for education
- 1880: compulsory for 5-13
Education policy before 1988
Explain the tripartite system.
- Conservative
- 1944 education act
- Has 3 schools- Grammar, technical, Modern secondary
- Girlds needed higher marks to pass 11+
Education policy before 1988
Explain comprehensive schools
- Introduced in 1965
- Aimed to overcome class divide
- 11+ demolished
- Comprehensive scvhools replaced most schools but some modern exist
Education policy before 1988
Explain the marxist view of the role of comprehensives?
- Comprehensive schools are not meritocratic
- Reproduces class inequality through streaming and labelling
Marketisation
What are the main features of the education act 1988?
- Made schools more competitive
- Introduced by new right- conservative gov
Main policies - League tables
- National curriculum
- Formla funding
- Opn enrollent
- OFSTED
Marketisation
What were the 2 points that created an ‘education market’?
- Reducing direct state control
- Increase school competition and parental choice
Marketisation
What is parentocracy?
The idea that parents are in charge of the education system
Marketisation: parentocracy
What policies promoted marketisation?
- Schools having to compete to attract pupils
- Specialist schools to widen parental choice
- Introducing tuition fees for higher education
Marketisation: The reproducion of inequality
What does Ball and Whitty criticise marketisation?
Policies such as exam league tables and formula funding creates inequaliies between schools
Marketisation: cream-skimming
Explain cream skimming and silt shifting.
- CS- ‘Good’ schools choose high achieveing pupils
- S- ‘Good’ schools avoid low achieving pupils
Marketisation
Explain formula funding
Popular schools get more funds and can afford better qualified teachers and better facilites
Marketisation
Explain the study of parental choice by Gerwitz
Study 14 london school. found 3 parent types:
* Privalliged skilled choosers: M/C
* Disconnected-local chooser: W/C
* Semi-skilled chooser: W/C who are ambitious but lack cultural capital
A03
Explain the myth of parentocracy
- Reproduces inequalities and legitmaises it by justifying it
- Parentocracy makes it appear that all parents have the freedon to choose but W/C parents dont
Conservative government influence
Explain acadamies?
From 2010 all schools were encourged to become acadamies. By 2021-78% schools became academies
They can decide:
* Curriculum
* Term dates
* School hours
* Budget
Conservative government influence
Explain free schools
Free schools claim to improve educational standards but only benefits M/C. Parents have control of free schools
They can:
* Set own pay
* Change school length
* Dont follow national curriculum
