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Human Biology > Exam 2 vocabulary > Flashcards

Exam 2 vocabulary Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

When all clones of an lymphocyte will target only one kind of antigen it is known as this

A

Specificity

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2
Q

When epidemics break out in several regions around the world in a given time span

A

Pandemic

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3
Q

B cells utilize these to carry out their defense

A

Antibodies

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4
Q

An outbreak that surpasses the predicted rate

A

Epidemic

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5
Q

This portion of our formed elements of our blood helps with the immune system

A

Leukocytes

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6
Q

Cancers of one’s own lymphocytes is known as this

A

Lymphoma

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7
Q

The second line of defense typically involves this classic type of sequence to occur

A

Inflammation

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8
Q

This portion makes up the majority of our blood

A

plasma

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9
Q

Four of these quatenary protein structures are what carries oxygen inside our red blood cells

A

Hemoglobin

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10
Q

T cells use these kind of cells to carry out defense

A

Cytotoxic cells

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11
Q

The capacity of an individual to mount a secondary immune response due to repeated exposure is known as this

A

Memory

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12
Q

Allergic reaction that is known to result in airway obstruction is known as this

A

Asthma

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13
Q

More or less continuous outbreaks

A

Endemic

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14
Q

First line of defense is known as?

A

Body Barriers

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15
Q

The relative ability of a pathogen to serious disease is known as?

A

Virulence

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16
Q

T cells are involved in this kind of response during the third line of defense

A

Cell-Mediated

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17
Q

Conflicts between Rh typing of a mother and her child can be alleviated by this drug

A

RhoGAM

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18
Q

This portion of our formed elements of our blood helps form clots

A

Platlets

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19
Q

A vaccine that is given to an individual before they have contracted the illness is known as this?

A

Active

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20
Q

This system helps to return various particles to the blood, transport fats, and act as a filter

A

Lymphatic

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21
Q

Most of the formed elements of our blood are made of this

A

Erythrocytes

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22
Q

B cells are involved in this kind of response during the third line of defense

A

Antibody-mediated

23
Q

Purified antibodies that have been given to an individual after they have contracted the illness is known as this kind of vaccine

A

Passive

24
Q

This branch of the cardiovascular system carries blood to the lungs and back.

A

Pulmonary

25
Q

The smallest type of vasculature is known as a?

A

Capillary

26
Q

The third line of defense is known as?

A

Specific immune response

27
Q

This branch of the cardiovascular system carries blood through the body

A

Systemic

28
Q

When a heart muscle relaxes it is known as?

A

Diastolic

29
Q

Second line of defense is known as?

A

Non-specific response

30
Q

The most severe form of allergic reaction that can be lethal is known as this?

A

Anaphalaxis

31
Q

Irregular and limited outbreaks

A

Sporadic

32
Q

Blood type AB is also known as the?

A

Universal recipient

33
Q

Sustained high blood pressure that can lead to many problems is also known as this?

A

Hypertension

34
Q

Blood type O is also known as?

A

Universal donor

35
Q

All deoxygenated blood from the body is first collected into this chamber of the heart

A

Right atrium

36
Q

When a heart muscle contracts it is known as?

A

Systolic

37
Q

These fibers conduct the electrical impulse of the heart throughout the ventricles

A

Purkinje

38
Q

The powerful weapons of the immune system become unleashed against normal body cells and proteins

A

Autoimmune Disorders

39
Q

Macrophages, T & B cells target the synovial membranes of synovial joints. Genetic predisposition, possible role of pathogens

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

40
Q

Transplanting animal (or lab made) organs into humans

A

Xenotransplantation

41
Q

Development of antibodies in one’s own DNA, can include arthritic component

A

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

42
Q

Conditions that lead to a drop in immune response

A

Deficient Immune disorders

43
Q

Due to damage to small blood vessels, interfering with the delivery of blood components, will generally show poor resistance to infections

A

Poorly controlled diabetes

44
Q

Acquired immune deficiency syndrom- from HIV which attacks macrophages and helper T cells

A

AIDS

45
Q

Has historically been a worldwide public health concern

A

Resurgence of TB: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

46
Q

What is the cardiovascular systems two circuits?

A

Pulmonary circuit and Systemic circuit

47
Q

The upper area of the R atrium, the pacemaker

A

Sinoatrial (SA) node

48
Q

When artery walls thicken and lose elasticity

A

Arterioscherosis

49
Q

Progressive narrowing of arterial lumen (opening) from cholesterol and fat deposits

A

Atherosclerosis

50
Q

Pain in chest, arm or jaw resulting from heart muscle suffering from lack of O2

A

Angina pectoris

51
Q

When part of the heart muscle dies due to coronary heart disease (CHD)

A

Myocardial infarction (MI or “heart attack”)

52
Q

Platelets can lodge on the rough edges of atheroscierotic plaques forming clots, if a clot dislodges and floats away its called embolism. If an embolism settles out in a smaller artery of the brain, it interrupts blood flow to that region.

A

Stroke

53
Q

This autoimmune disorder targets our own synovial joints

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

54
Q

This collects blood from all of the areas superior to the heart

A

Superior Vena Cava

Human Biology (42 decks)

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