Eating behaviour - preferences Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Describe the basis of the evolutionary explanation for food preferences

A

Evolutionist’s argue our food preferences are INNATE and originate from our life on the African Savanah.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is evolution

A

Evolution is the change of characteristics in organisms overgeneration’s to survive in their environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what innate food preferences do humans have?

A

fat, sweet and salty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

explain human preference for salty foods

A

salts are essential for repairing muscles and balancing body water levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

explain human preference for sweet foods

A

high calories = bursts of energy, indicates a lack of poison and helps survival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

explain human preference for fatty foods

A

Foods high in fat would’ve helped our ancestors because they’re the most efficient source of energy which is important for survival. Also, helps keep people warm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is food neophobia?

A

innate disposition for an unwillingness to try new foods it is most pronounced in childhood tween ages 2-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why do humans have neophobia?

A

to avoid food that could be life threatening or could induce illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when does neophobia go?

A

when we start to learn that not all new foods will have fatal consequences.
this gives way to a new evolutionary mechanism that gives way to maintaining a balanced healthy diet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the explanations for food preferences?

A

behaviorist/learning
evolutionary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what was life like (in terms of food) on the african savanah?

A

we were hunters/gatherers in small groups
we struggled to get food
and our food preferences can be traced back to this time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe taste aversion

A
  • we have the ability to detect and reject bitter and sweet tastes
  • this makes sense because it would have protected us from toxic foods which are commonly bitter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

who is more sensitive to taste aversion/ sour foods

A

children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why do children have stronger taste aversions and why do they grow out of it

A
  • we have an innate disposition for neophobia
  • this diminishes as we learn through our environment that not all food is toxic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Evaluate evolutionary explanation for food preferences

A

+ steiner
+logue
- Individual differences
- ethical implications - drug companies will put sugar in everything since we know we have a preference
- deterministic
- reductionist
- alt explanation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what was steiners research?

A

placed sugar on tongues of newborns and observed positive facial expressions

17
Q

what was logues research?

A

found receptors for sugar on the tongue

18
Q

what two factors does the SLT theory say influence our eating behaviour

A

social and cultural factors

19
Q

what are key social factors that influence eating behaviour?

A
  • classical and operant conditioning
  • social learning
  • family
  • peer
  • media
20
Q

what are key cultural factors that influence eating behaviour?

A

cultural influences
cultural norms
meat eating

21
Q

explain cultural norms on food preferences

A
  • cultural attitudes towards whats constitutes for a proper album
  • british ideal is a sunday dinner
22
Q

Evaluate role of learning in food preferences

A

+Research support for media - Maclntyre
+Research support for Cultural differences - ball and kennedy
- Alternative explanation - evolution - innate
- Holistic - acknowledges there are numerous factors that effect food preferences

23
Q

what was maclntyre research?

A

found that media have a major impact on what people eat and their attitudes towards food

24
Q

what was ball and kennedys research?

A

14,000 women
different ethnicities in Australia
compared attitudes towards food and how long they lived there
longer in Australia = food preference more like women born in Australia

25
Q

summary a01 for evolutionary preferences

A
  1. Evolution - life in the savanah
    2.our preference for salty, sugary and fatty foods
  2. neophobia
  3. taste aversions
26
Q

what do the learning theory call parents

A

the gatekeepers in terms of food

27
Q

explain meat eating

A
  • culturally determined is centered around meat
  • different countries eat different parts of an animal and different countries eat different animal meat
28
Q

exaplain cultural influences

A
  • influences what parents feed their children
  • vicarious rein etc then establishes these cultural taste preferences
  • we associate foods as adults as food we enjoyed as children
  • memory events associated with cultural feasts
29
Q

what is flavour flavour learning?

A
  • classical conditioning
  • we begin to like a food because it is associated with a food we already like
  • ## we learn to like new foods by sweatening them (TEA)
30
Q

influence of SLT on eating

A
  • children eat the food of their role models
  • especially if theyre rewarded