Attachment - Bowlbys theory of maternal deprivation

Question 1

what is the central idea to Bowlby’s theory?

Answer 1

• the CONTINUAL presence of a nurtuing mother is necessary for psychological development of babies
• being seperated from mother in early childhood has serious concequences

Question 2

distinction between separation and deprivation

Answer 2

• separation = child not being in the prescence of their mother
• deprivatment - is the child being DEPRIVED of the care
• brief seperation with a subsititute caregiver is not gna have an effect
• extended seperation can lead to deprivation which is the cause of harm

Question 3

when is the critical period

Answer 3

• first 30 months is critical for psychological development
• if a child is seperated for extended periods of time and thus not having the necessary care elements in this period then damage is inevirtable

Question 4

what does maternal deprivatio9n effect?

Answer 4

• emotional development
• intellectual development

Question 5

how does maternal deprivation effect intellect?

Answer 5

• if seperated for prolongued periods of time they will have delayed intellectual development
• charectorised by abnormally low IQ

Question 6

what did goldfarb find?

Answer 6

lower IQ in children who had remained in an institution as opposed to those who were fostered and had more emotional care

Question 7

how does maternal deprivation effect emotional development?

Answer 7

• emotionally development is also faulty
• formed affectionaless psychopathy

Question 8

what is affectionless psychopathy?

Answer 8

• inability to experience guilt and emotion
• prevents them from developig normal relationships
• more criminal -> cannot appreciate victims feelings so lack remorse for their actions

Question 9

procedure of 44 thieves

Answer 9

• thieves were interviewed for signs of affectionless psychopathy
• famalies were also interviewd to see if thieves had prolongued seperation as a child
• control group was set up to compare

Question 10

sample of 44 thieves

Answer 10

44 criminal teenagers

Question 11

findings of 44 thieves

Answer 11

• 14/44 thieves = affectionaless psychopaths
• 12/14 had seperation
• only five out of the rest had seperation
• 2 out of control group had AS

Question 12

conclusion of 44 thieves

Answer 12

prolongued early seperation/deprivation = affectionless psychopathy

Question 13

EVALUATE BOWLBY MATERNAL DEPRIVATION

Answer 13

• harlow research support
• cross specie validity
• refuting research from lewis
• maybe it cant be replicated because there was issues with the sample of the orginal study, -> use orphans growing up in poor quality - this may have effected them not the separation
• also, its exagerated its more of a sensitive perod
• practical app

Question 14

what was lewis resarch ?

Answer 14

replicated the study on a larger scale of 500 and didnt find any evidence - didnt predict criminality etc

Question 15

why might it be more of a sensitive period?

Answer 15

because people can recover

Koluchova -> twins separated from 18 months to 7 years and when cared for to eventually recover fuilly