attachment - effects of institutionalisation

Question 1

what was rutters sample?

Answer 1

165 romanian orphans compared to control of 52 british

Question 2

what did Rutter do?

Answer 2

asssed physical, cognitive and emotional development at ages 4,6,11 and 15

Question 3

what did Rutter find?

Answer 3

all showed delayed intellectual development
adoption children’s rates of recoveries depended on when they were adopted
The Mean IQ for those adopted by 6 months was 102
but after 6 months to two years was 86
after two year = 77 these remained at age 16
he also found the disinhibited attachment

Question 4

for rutter when was a ‘critical period’?

Answer 4

6 months, if before then they could be saved

Question 5

what did chidlren adopted after 6 months show?

Answer 5

disinhibited attachment

Question 6

what is disinhibited attachment and when is it caused?

Answer 6

if adopted after 6 months
attention seeking, clingy,
indifferent - they act the same around everyone

Question 7

what is Zeanahs project called?

Answer 7

the bucharest intervention project

Question 8

what was zeanahs sample?

Answer 8

95 chidlren aged 12-31 months and had spent 90% of life in an institution vs controlled of 50 who were never in an institution

Question 9

what did Zeanah do?

Answer 9

measured attachment using SS and also asked their carers about unsocial or odd behaviour

Question 10

what did zeanah find?

Answer 10

74% of controlled = secure
19% of institution were securely attached
disinhibited = 44%
and 20% of control

Question 11

what are the effects of institutionalization?

Answer 11

disinhibited attachment and mental retar…

Question 12

what is mental retar…

Answer 12

low iq etc can be cured if adoption takes place within 6 months

Question 13

evaluate research into the effects of institutionalization?

Answer 13

+PA , key worker, to provide care etc. - lead to improvements in such institutions
- fewer extraneous variables in rutters study because usually orphans have trauma before
- unusual circumstance - poor care - unusual situational variables so lack generalizability
- doesn’t tell us about the long term effect, conclusions must be tentative since they could improve
+goldfarb research - iq was worse for those in an institution

Question 14

what was the aim of rutters research?

Answer 14

to see if good care could make up for the effects of institutionalization

Question 15

WHEN WAS RUTTER

Answer 15

2011

Question 16

IQ FINDINGS FROM RUTTER

Answer 16

The Mean IQ for those adopted by 6 months was 102
but after 6 months to two years was 86
after two year = 77 these remained at age 16

Question 17

WHAT DID RUTTER FIND IN TERMS OF ATTACHMENT?

Answer 17

those adopted after six months were a disinhibited attachment type

Question 18

what is institutionalization?

Answer 18

in the context of attachment refers to the effects of growing up in an orphanage or children’s home. How does it effect intellectual and emotional development, as well as there attachment style. Typically the secure attachment is most common in uk, being 60-75% of people.

Question 19

what was the aim of rutters research?

Answer 19

to see if good care can make up for the effects of bad experences in an institution

Question 20

the context of rutters research

Answer 20

former president of Romania in the 80s demanded women to have children, children the people of Romania could not afford to look after and subsequently had to give to an institution. Yet, these places couldn’t be funded and the children were in poor conditions. Post- revolution in 1989 many of these orphans were adopted by British families.

Question 21

how did Zeneah measure attachment?

Answer 21

strange situtaion

Question 22

when was zeneah?

Answer 22

2005

Question 23

what is disorganised attachment styles?

Answer 23

• combination of the insecure attachment styles
• negative perception of themselves and others
• sporadic behaviour