Drugs affecting the ANS: Part 3

Question 1

Therapeutic effects of Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists

Answer 1

Hypertension 
Angina pectoris 
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Heart attack 
Hyperthyroidism 
Migraines 
Glaucoma

Question 2

Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists are the only ______ drug for chest pain

Answer 2

Prophylactic

Question 3

Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists: hyperthyroidism

Answer 3

Do not treat hyperthyroidism directly but treat cardiac aspect

Question 4

Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists: glaucoma

Answer 4

Decrease aqueous humor production

Question 5

Adverse effects of beta 1 blockade

Answer 5

Bradycardia
Reduced CO (HR and force of contraction)
Cause heart failure
AV heart block

Question 6

Adverse effects of beta 2 blockade

Answer 6

Bronchoconstriction

Prevents glycogenolysis

Question 7

Glycogenolysis is so critical for diabetic patients because…

Answer 7

It is their defense mechanism for when too much insulin is given

Question 8

Symptoms of hypoglycemia

Answer 8

Palpitations, dizzy, pale, clammy, nausea

Question 9

Beta blockers are so scary for diabetic patients because…

Answer 9

1. Decrease glycogenolysis (Hypoglycemia

2. Decrease tachycardia which is diabetic’s first warning sign that they are hypoglycemic

Question 10

Nonselective beta blockers

Answer 10

Propanolol (Inderal)

Carvedilol (Coreg)

Question 11

Cardioselective (Beta 1) beta blockers

Answer 11

Metoprolol (Lopressor)

Atenolol (Tenormin)

Question 12

Propanolol blocks…

Answer 12

Beta 1 and Beta 2 receptors

Question 13

Effects of propranolol

Answer 13

Reduces HR
Decreases force of contraction
Suppresses impulse conduction through AV node

Question 14

Uses of propranolol

Answer 14

Hypertension
Angina pectoris
Cardiac dysrhythmias
Myocardial infarction

Question 15

Propanolol adverse effects

Answer 15

Bradycardia, AV heart block, heart failure, bronchoconstriction, CNS effects

Question 16

Propanolol drug interactions

Answer 16

Insulin (inhibition of glycogenolysis - not a direct interaction)
Calcium channel blockers (heart suppression)

Question 17

Adverse effects of metoprolol

Answer 17

Bradycardia
Reduction of cardiac output
AV heart block

Question 18

Metoprolol contraindications

Answer 18

Patients with sinus bradycardia

AV heart block

Question 19

Cholinergic drugs: muscarinic agonists

Answer 19

Bind to muscarinic receptors and cause activation

-responses mimic those produced by stimulation of the parasympathetic nerves

Question 20

Bethanechol (Urecholine)

Answer 20

Prototype, works selectively @ muscarinic receptors

No activation of nicotinic receptors

Question 21

Bethanechol (Urecholine) effects the..

Answer 21

Heart
Exocrine glands
Smooth muscles
Eyes

Question 22

Therapeutic uses of Bethanechol (Urecholine)

Answer 22

Urinary retention

Question 23

Do not use Bethanechol (Urecholine) if…

Answer 23

A patient has a urinary obstruction > you can rupture the bladder

Question 24

Bethanechol (Urecholine) adverse effects

Answer 24

Bradycardia (heart) 
Excessive salivation 
Increased GI motility (Diarrhea) 
Bladder rupture 
Asthma - bronchoconstriction 
Dysrhythmias - hyperthyroid patients

Question 25

Pilocarpine

Answer 25

Muscarinic agonist (topical therapy for glaucoma)

Question 26

How does Pilocarpine work?

Answer 26

Constriction of pupil allows for outflow of aqueous humor (decreased intraocular pressure)

Question 27

Adverse effects of Pilocarpine

Answer 27

Decreased due to topical application

Sweating (around eyes)