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Pharmacology > Drugs affecting the ANS: Part 2 > Flashcards

Drugs affecting the ANS: Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: therapeutic responses

A

Hemostasis
Nasal decongestion
Elevation of blood pressure (vasoconstriction)
Mydriasis

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2
Q

Epi for bleeding

A

Injected into an arterial bleed which causes vasoconstriction

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3
Q

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: adverse effects

A

Hypertension
Necrosis
Bradycardia

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4
Q

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: Necrosis

A

IV moving to SQ tissue, vasoconstrictor and causes local tissue death due to lack of blood flow

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5
Q

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: Bradycardia

A

Vasoconstriction causes increased blood pressure… baroreceptors respond by decreasing HR

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6
Q

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: cardiac patient

A

Could cause an ischemic event b/c of bradycardia

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7
Q

Activation of Alpha 2 receptors: Therapeutic responses

A

No alpha 2 receptors in the periphery that are of clinical significance
Centrally acting alpha 2 receptors play a large role in regulation of the heart

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8
Q

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Uses

A

Cardiac arrest
Heart failure
Shock
AV heart block

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9
Q

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Heart failure

A

Increase force of contraction (+inotropic effect)

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10
Q

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Cardiac arrest

A

Initiate contraction of a heart after it has stopped beating

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11
Q

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Shock

A

Increased CO

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12
Q

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: AV heart block

A

Enhance impulse conduction through the AV node

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13
Q

Adverse effects of Beta 1 activation

A

Altered HR or rhythm

Angina pectoris

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14
Q

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Altered HR or rhythm

A

Overstimulation of cardiac Beta 1 receptors causes
Tachycardia
Dysrhythmias

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15
Q

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Angina pectoris

A

Beta 1 activation increases oxygen demand of the of the heart –> Angina due to insufficient oxygen supply

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16
Q

Activation of Beta 2 receptors: Albuterol

A

Promote bronchodilator to precent or relieve asthma attacks

Administered by inhalation

17
Q

Activation of Beta 2 receptors: agents selective to ______ receptors are ideal

A

Beta 2

18
Q

Terbutaline can be used for…

A

Delay of preterm labor

relaxation of uterine smooth muscle

19
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine) uses

A

Asthma

Preterm labor

20
Q

Adverse effects of terbutaline

A

Tremors

Tachycardia

21
Q

Terbutaline receptor

A

Beta 2

22
Q

Adverse effects of Beta 2 activation

A

Hyperglycemia

Tremors

23
Q

Beta 2 activation: hyperglycemia

A

Activation of Beta 2 receptors in the liver and skeletal muscles promotes breakdown of glycogen into glucose

24
Q

Beta 2 activation: tremors

A

Activation of receptors enhances skeletal muscle contraction
Fades over time

25
Q

Therapeutic uses of alpha blockers

A

Essential hypertension
Reversal of alpha 1 agonist overdose
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Raynaud’s disease

26
Q

Therapeutic uses of alpha blockers: Reversal of alpha 1 agonist overdose

A

Reversing vasoconstriction caused by epinephrine

27
Q

Therapeutic uses of alpha blockers: Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

With age, prostate enlarges making it difficult to urinate

Alpha blockers engorge area, maximizes blood flow to prostate which makes it easier to urinate

28
Q

Therapeutic uses of alpha blockers: Raynaud’s disease

A

Alternating vasoconstriction / vasospascticity
(Pain with cold)
Alpha blockers help stop this

29
Q

Adverse effects of alpha blockers

A 
Orthostatic hypotension 
Reflex tachycardia 
Nasal congestion 
Inhibition of ejaculation\
Headache
30
Q

What are alpha adrenergic antagonists II?

A

Marketed for BPH but also help hypertension

31
Q

Alpha - Adrenergic antagonists II meds

A

Prazosin (Minipress)
Terazosin (Hytrin)
Tamulosin (Flomax)

32
Q

What do Alpha - Adrenergic antagonists II do?

A

Selective blockade of alpha 1 receptors

Dilation of arterioles and veins.. relaxation of smooth muscle

Pharmacology (38 decks)

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