Drugs affecting the ANS: Part 2

Question 1

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: therapeutic responses

Answer 1

Hemostasis
Nasal decongestion
Elevation of blood pressure (vasoconstriction)
Mydriasis

Question 2

Epi for bleeding

Answer 2

Injected into an arterial bleed which causes vasoconstriction

Question 3

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: adverse effects

Answer 3

Hypertension
Necrosis
Bradycardia

Question 4

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: Necrosis

Answer 4

IV moving to SQ tissue, vasoconstrictor and causes local tissue death due to lack of blood flow

Question 5

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: Bradycardia

Answer 5

Vasoconstriction causes increased blood pressure… baroreceptors respond by decreasing HR

Question 6

Activation of Alpha 1 receptors: cardiac patient

Answer 6

Could cause an ischemic event b/c of bradycardia

Question 7

Activation of Alpha 2 receptors: Therapeutic responses

Answer 7

No alpha 2 receptors in the periphery that are of clinical significance
Centrally acting alpha 2 receptors play a large role in regulation of the heart

Question 8

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Uses

Answer 8

Cardiac arrest
Heart failure
Shock
AV heart block

Question 9

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Heart failure

Answer 9

Increase force of contraction (+inotropic effect)

Question 10

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Cardiac arrest

Answer 10

Initiate contraction of a heart after it has stopped beating

Question 11

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Shock

Answer 11

Increased CO

Question 12

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: AV heart block

Answer 12

Enhance impulse conduction through the AV node

Question 13

Adverse effects of Beta 1 activation

Answer 13

Altered HR or rhythm

Angina pectoris

Question 14

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Altered HR or rhythm

Answer 14

Overstimulation of cardiac Beta 1 receptors causes
Tachycardia
Dysrhythmias

Question 15

Activation of Beta 1 Receptors: Angina pectoris

Answer 15

Beta 1 activation increases oxygen demand of the of the heart –> Angina due to insufficient oxygen supply

Question 16

Activation of Beta 2 receptors: Albuterol

Answer 16

Promote bronchodilator to precent or relieve asthma attacks

Administered by inhalation

Question 17

Activation of Beta 2 receptors: agents selective to ______ receptors are ideal

Answer 17

Beta 2

Question 18

Terbutaline can be used for…

Answer 18

Delay of preterm labor

relaxation of uterine smooth muscle

Question 19

Terbutaline (Brethine) uses

Answer 19

Asthma

Preterm labor

Question 20

Adverse effects of terbutaline

Answer 20

Tremors

Tachycardia

Question 21

Terbutaline receptor

Answer 21

Beta 2

Question 22

Adverse effects of Beta 2 activation

Answer 22

Hyperglycemia

Tremors

Question 23

Beta 2 activation: hyperglycemia

Answer 23

Activation of Beta 2 receptors in the liver and skeletal muscles promotes breakdown of glycogen into glucose

Question 24

Beta 2 activation: tremors

Answer 24

Activation of receptors enhances skeletal muscle contraction
Fades over time

Question 25

Therapeutic uses of alpha blockers

Answer 25

Essential hypertension Reversal of alpha 1 agonist overdose Benign prostatic hyperplasia Raynaud's disease

Question 26

Therapeutic uses of alpha blockers: Reversal of alpha 1 agonist overdose

Answer 26

Reversing vasoconstriction caused by epinephrine

Question 27

Therapeutic uses of alpha blockers: Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 27

With age, prostate enlarges making it difficult to urinate | Alpha blockers engorge area, maximizes blood flow to prostate which makes it easier to urinate

Question 28

Therapeutic uses of alpha blockers: Raynaud's disease

Answer 28

Alternating vasoconstriction / vasospascticity (Pain with cold) Alpha blockers help stop this

Question 29

Adverse effects of alpha blockers

Answer 29

``` Orthostatic hypotension Reflex tachycardia Nasal congestion Inhibition of ejaculation\ Headache ```

Question 30

What are alpha adrenergic antagonists II?

Answer 30

Marketed for BPH but also help hypertension

Question 31

Alpha - Adrenergic antagonists II meds

Answer 31

Prazosin (Minipress) Terazosin (Hytrin) Tamulosin (Flomax)

Question 32

What do Alpha - Adrenergic antagonists II do?

Answer 32

Selective blockade of alpha 1 receptors | Dilation of arterioles and veins.. relaxation of smooth muscle