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Pharmacology > Drugs affecting the ANS: Part 1 > Flashcards

Drugs affecting the ANS: Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Somatic motor system controls..

A

Movement of voluntary muscles

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2
Q

Autonomic nervous system controls..

A

Involuntary functions

  • Parasympathetic nerves
  • Sympathetic nerves
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3
Q

What does the ANS primarily do?

A

1) Regulation of the heart
2) Regulation of secretory glands
3) Regulation of smooth muscles

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4
Q

Regulation of smooth muscles includes..

A

Bronchi
Blood vessels
Urogenital tract
GI tract

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5
Q 
PNS \_\_\_ HR
\_\_\_\_\_ gastric secretions
\_\_\_\_\_\_ bladder and bowel
\_\_\_\_\_ the eye for \_\_\_ vision
\_\_\_\_\_ the pupil 
\_\_\_\_\_ bronchial smooth muscle
A 
Slows
Increases
Empties
Focuses, near
Constricts 
Contracts
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6
Q

Sympathetic nervous system main functions

A

1) Regulating the cardiovascular system
2) Regulating body temp
3) Implementing the “fight or flight” reaction

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7
Q 
"Fight or flight" 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ HR & BP 
Shunt blood from \_\_\_\_ to \_\_\_\_\_\_
\_\_\_\_\_\_ bronchi
\_\_\_\_\_\_ pupils 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ energy stores
A 
Increase
Skin and viscera to skeletal muscles 
Dilate
Dilate
Mobilize
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8
Q

Sympathetic response _____ vessels while the parasympathetic response ________ vessels

A

Constricts

Dilates

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9
Q

Primary receptors of the ANS

A

Cholinergic receptors

Adrenergic receptors

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10
Q

Cholinergic receptors

A

Mediate responses to acetylcholine

Parasympathetic

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11
Q

Adrenergic receptors

A

Mediate responses to
-Epinephrine
-Norepinephrine
Sympathetic

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12
Q

Anticholinergics look like…

A

Sympathetic tone

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13
Q

What receptors does the sympathetic nervous system have?

A

Alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2 and dopamine

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14
Q

Alpha 1 receptors affect..

A

Blood vessels (vasoconstriction)
Eye (dilation)
Bladder (relaxation)
Prostate (contraction)

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15
Q

Beta 1 receptors affect…

A

Heart (increased contractility and HR)

Kidney (increased renin and angiotensin secretion and increased BP)

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16
Q

Beta 2 receptors affect…

A

Smooth muscle (decreased GI motility)
Lungs (bronchodilator)
Uterus (relaxation of SM)
Liver (Increased blood sugar - glycogenolysis)

17
Q

Some drugs activate ______ adrenercic receptors while others selectively activate ______

A

Multiple

One type

18
Q

Anaphylaxis causes..

A

Hypotension
Bronchoconstriction
Edema of the glottis

19
Q

Epinephrine IM activates..

A

Alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1 and beta 2

20
Q

Epinephrine works by…

A

Increasing BP, decreasing bronchoconstriction and decreasing glottal swelling

21
Q

Swelling is reduced by these drugs by..

A

Vasoconstriction ( alpha 1)

22
Q

Epinephrine uses

A

Overcome AV heart block
Restore cardiac function following cardiac arrest
Bronchodilation for asthmatics
Treatment of choice for anaphylactic shock
Mydriasis fot ophthalmologic procedures

23
Q

Adverse effects of epinephrine

A

Hypertensive crisis
Dysrhythmias
Angina pectoris
Hyperglycemia

24
Q

Hypertensive crisis (epinephrine) is due to…

A

Vasoconstriction

25
Q

Angina pectoris (epinephrine) is caused by..

A

Increased cardiac workload

26
Q

Hyperglycemia (epinephrine) is caused by…

A

Breakdown of glycogen

27
Q

Who would have difficulty tolerating epinephrine?

A

Diabetics and cardiac patients (but would still give for anaphylaxis)

28
Q

Norepinephrine is similar to actions of epinephrine except it does not activate…

A

Beta 2 receptors
No bronchodilation but no hyperglycemia (Diabetics)
-Not as effective for anaphylaxis

29
Q

Copamine receptor activation causes…

A

Dilation of the vasculature of the kidneys

30
Q

Uses of dopamine receptor activation

A

Treatment of shock - improve renal perfusion and reduce the risk of renal failure
*Also enhances cardiac performance

31
Q

What types of shock will dopamine receptor activation be used for?

A

Hypovolemic, cardiogenic, to save the kidneys

32
Q

Receptors for dopamine (intropin)

A

Dopamine, Beta 1, alpha 1 (at high doses)

33
Q

Uses of dopamine (intropin)

A

Shock
Heart failure
Renal failure

34
Q

Adverse effects of dopamine (intropin)

A

Tachycardia, dysrhythmias, angina

35
Q

Positive inotropes..

A

Stimulate the heart

36
Q

What other drug kept kidneys going before a transplant?

A

Mannitol

Pharmacology (38 decks)

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