CNS: Spinal Cord

Question 1

Gross Anatomy of Spinal Cord

Answer 1

18 inches

1/2 inch wide

Question 2

Conus medullaris

Answer 2

Question 3

Filum terminale

Answer 3

Question 4

Cauda equina

Answer 4

Question 5

Cervical Enlargement

Answer 5

Question 6

Lumbar enlargement

Answer 6

Question 7

Spinal cord is protected by _______

Answer 7

Meninges

Question 8

Viral or bacterial infection of the meninges

Answer 8

Meningitis

Question 9

L3-L5 site of _____ ______

Answer 9

Lumbar Puncture

Question 10

space between spinal dura mater and walls of vertebral canal

Answer 10

​Epidural Space

Question 11

Anesthetic injection site affects sensory spinal nerves in the lower lumbar region

Answer 11

Epidural Block

• Caudal anesthetics in sacral region

Question 12

*Cross Sectional Anatomy*

Answer 12

Question 13

*Anatomy of Spinal Cord*

Answer 13

Question 14

Spinal Cord- White and Gray Matter

Gray Matter- Butterfly / Letter H

Answer 14

• Contains:
  
  • Neuron cell bodies
  • Neuroglia cells (support cells)
  • unmyelinated axons
• Has Projections - Gray horns

Question 15

Encloses a central canal and connects the sides of the spinal cord

Answer 15

Gray Commissure

Question 16

Posterior (Dorsal) Gray Horns -

Answer 16

• somatic and visceral sensory neurons synapse here

Question 17

Anterior( Ventral) gray horns -

Answer 17

• contain somatic motor neurons

Question 18

Lateral gray horns -

Answer 18

• are in thoracic and lumbar segments; contain autonomic neurons that serve visceral organs

Question 19

Axons of somatic and autonomic motor neurons leave the spinal cord through the _____ ____

Answer 19

Ventral roots

Question 20

Afferent axons enter the dorsal horn of the spinal cord through ____ ____

Answer 20

​Dorsal Roots

Question 21

Cell bodies of sensory neurons are found in the ______ ___ _____

Answer 21

​Dorsal Root Ganglia

Question 22

Dorsal and ventral roots join to form a _____ ____

Answer 22

Spinal Nerve

Question 23

White Matter of Spinal Cord

Answer 23

• Myelinated and unmyelinated axons
• Fibers run in 3 directions:
  
  1. Ascending - up the cord
  2. Descending - down the cord
  3. Transverse - across from one side of the cord to the other

Question 24

Fibers are organized into three ____ _____

Answer 24

White columns

• Anterior
• Posterior
• Lateral

Question 25

*Ascending & descending tracts of the spinal cord*

Answer 25

Question 26

Ascending Tracts

Answer 26

Sensory

• Examples:
  
  • Spinothalamic Tract
  • Spinocerebellar Tract

Question 27

Descending Tracts

Answer 27

Motor (decussate in medulla)

• Corticospinal Tract
• Reticulospinal Tract

Question 28

Spinothalamic Tract

Answer 28

• Sensory Tract
• Axons synapse with thalamus
• Conveys pain, warmth, coolness, itching, tickling, and deep pressure

Question 29

Corticospinal Tract

Answer 29

Voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

Question 30

Reticulospinal Tract

Answer 30

Maintain balance

Question 31

damage to the ventral root/ horn - muscle atrophy

Answer 31

​Flaccid Paralysis

Question 32

damage to the motor neurons of the primary motor cortex in the precentral gyrus.

Answer 32

​Spastic Paralysis

Question 33

loss of sensory and motor functions in the lower limbs

Answer 33

Paraplegia

Question 34

injury in the cervical region affects arms and legs

Answer 34

Quadriplegia

Question 35

brain injury – paralysis on one side of the body

Answer 35

Hemiplegia

Question 36

destruction of the ventral horn motor neuron by the poliovirus. Results in paralysis of the skeletal muscles.

Answer 36

Poliomyelitis