Ch. 2: Chemistry comes alive

Question 1

the chemicals that make up 96% of our body are

Answer 1

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen

Question 2

Same atomic number but different atomic mass

Answer 2

isotopes

Question 3

what type of chemical bond is electron acceptor > electron donor. (metal & nonmetal)

Answer 3

ionic bond

Question 4

What type of chemical bond is sharing. Nonmetal &nonmetal. stronger than ionic bond

Answer 4

Covalent bond

Question 5

what type of chemical bond involved hydrogen atom. forms bridges. important in intramolecular bond. Helps maintain its structure.

Answer 5

Hydrogen bond

Question 6

A chemical reaction involved when atoms or molecules combine to form a larger more complex molecule. Ex: amino acids into protein molecules

Answer 6

synthesis ( anabolic)

Question 7

A chemical reaction involved when a molecule is broken down into smaller molecules or its constituent atoms

Answer 7

Decomposition (catabolic)

Question 8

reactions that release energy. Ex: catabolic and oxidative reactions

Answer 8

exergonic

Question 9

the products of energy- absorbing, reaction contains more potential energy (product) than did the reactants ( anabolic reactions)

Answer 9

endergonic

Question 10

what are the factors that influence the rate of chemical reaction?

Answer 10

temperature, concentration, size, catalyst (enzymes)

Question 11

high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, universal solvent, reactivity, cushioning, are properties of

Answer 11

water

Question 12

Hydrolysis reaction is when

Answer 12

smaller molecules join together, releasing a water molecule

Question 13

Dehyrdration Synthesis is when

Answer 13

a water molecule is removed for a new bond to be formed

Question 14

true or false, the lower the pH, the more acidic the solution

Answer 14

true

Question 15

when acids and bases mixed, they form water and salt, what type of reaction is that?

Answer 15

Neutralization reactions

Question 16

what does a buffer do?

Answer 16

resist abrupt change in the pH of the body fluids, releases hydrogen ions.

Question 17

blood pH ranges from

Answer 17

7.35-7.45

Question 18

Chain-like molecules made of monomers that are joined together by dehydration synthesis

Answer 18

polymer

Question 19

Which is not a characteristic of enzymes:
it increase activation energy
its specific
they attach to the substrate
they can be denatured by high temp
they are unaffected by reaction

Answer 19

it increases activation enrgy