Ch.4: Tissues, Connective Tissue Flashcards
The most abundant and widely distributed of the primary tissues
Connective tissue
Connective tissues 5 major functions are ______
Binding and supporting Protecting Insulating Storing Transporting
4 Characteristics of Connective tissues include
Deeper tissue, large intracellular spaces, varies in vascularity, nonliving extracellular matrix
Connective tissue has three main elements _______
Ground substance, fibers, and Cells
Unstructured material that fills space between the cell and contains the fibers. Composed of interstitial (tissue) fluid, cell adhesion proteins and proteoglycans
Ground Substance
The three connective fibers are ____
Collagen fiber, elastic fiber, reticular fiber
Type of fiber that are extremely tough and provide high tensile strength
Collagen fibers
Type of fiber that are long, thin fibers that form branching networks in the extracellular matrix. Allows them to be stretch and recoil like rubber bands. Found where great elasticity is needed, skin, lungs, and blood vessel walls
Elastic fibers
Type of fiber that are short, collagenous fibers. branch extensively, forming delicate networks. surround small blood vessels and support the soft tissue of organs.
Reticular fiber
7 types of Tissue cells
Erythrocytes Leukocytes Thrombocytes (blood clotting) adipocytes chondrocytes osteocytes fibrocytes
Mast cells function is to ______
detect foreign microorganisms and initiate local inflammatory responses against them
An anticoagulant chemical that prevents blood clotting when free in the bloodstream
Heparin
substances that make capillaries leaky
Histamine
Irregulary shaped cells that avidly phagocytize foreing particles, viruses, bacteria, dead tissues, central actors of the immune system
Macrophages
A mature connective tissue arise from a common embryonic tissue
Mesenchyme
Adipose tissue’s 4 major functions are?
stores nutrients, Shock absorber, insulation,energy storage
What are the two types of Adipose tissue
White fat, and Brown fat
What does white fat do?
It stores nutrients mainly for other cells
What does brown fat do?
Heat the body
Tissue that contains only reticular fibers in its matrix. Forms labyrinth-like stroma (bed) that can support many free blood cells mostly lymphocytes in lymph nodes, the spleen, and bone marrow
Reticular connective tissue
Dense regular connective tissue forms _______ which are cords that attach muscles to bones
Tendons
Flat, sheetlike tendons that attach muscles to other muscles or to bones are called
Aponeuroses
________ binds bones together at joints, much more elastic and stretchy than a tendon
Ligament
Stands up to both tension and compression, lacks nerve fibers and is avascular. Ground substance contains large amount of GAGs. 80% water. Chondrocytes are typically found in the lacunae
Cartilage
What are the three types of cartilage
Hyaline, Elastic, and Fibrocartilage
The most abundant cartilage in the body, provieds firm support with pliability
Hyaline Cartilage
Has more elastics fiber, found on the external ear, epiglottis
Elastic Cartilage
Compressible and resist tension,found where strong support and the ability to withstand heavy pressure are required (intervertebral dics)
Fibrocartilage
Exceptional ability to support and protect the body structures. Harder and more rigid, inorganic calcium salts
Bone
The fluid within blood vessels, most atypical connective tissue, Develops from mesenchyme. Transport vehicle
Blood
