Ch.23: Digestive System Part 3

Question 1

The ______ ________ is the body’s major digestive organ. Digestion is completed, and virtually all absorption occurs

Answer 1

Small intestine

Question 2

Gross Anatomy of the Small Intestine includes:

Answer 2

duodenum
jejenum
illeum
illeocecal valve

Question 3

The epithelium of villus mucosa is largely simple columnar ________ ____ bound by tight junctions and richly endowed with microvilli. Primary responsibility for absorbing nutrients and electrolytes

Answer 3

absorptive cells

Question 4

Crypt epithelial cells are primarily secretory cells that secrete _________ ______, a watery mixture that contains mucus and serves as a carrier fluid for absorbing nutrients from Chyme.

Answer 4

intestinal juices

Question 5

Scattered throught the crypt epithelium are _____________ ____ the source of the enterogastrones Secreting and CCK.

Answer 5

enteroendocrine cells

Question 6

Deep in the crypts are specialized secretory cells called _______ _____, which fortify the small intestine’s defenses by releasing antimicrobrial agents such as defensins and lysozyme

Answer 6

Paneth cells

Question 7

__________ _______, lymphoid nodules located in the small intestine

Answer 7

Peyer’s Patches

Question 8

________ and ___________ are accessory organs associated with the small intestine.

Answer 8

Liver and gallbladder

Question 9

The ______ ________ function is to produce bile for export to the duodenum.

Answer 9

Digestive system

Question 10

_____ is a fat emulsifier that breaks down fats into tiny particles to make them more readily digestible

Answer 10

Bile

Question 11

The __________ is chiefly a storage organ for bile

Answer 11

gallbladder

Question 12

The _______, is the largest gland in the body, made up of hepatocytes. Main function is to filter and process the nutrient-rich blood delivered to it.

Answer 12

Liver

Question 13

The portal triad consist of:

Answer 13

• hepatic portal vein
• hepatic artery
• bile duct

Question 14

_________, or inflammation of the liver is most often due to viral infection.

Answer 14

Hepatitis

Question 15

_____, is a yellow-green alkaline solution containing bile salts, bile pigments, cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, and a variety of electrolytes.

Answer 15

Bile

Question 16

____ _____, are cholesterol derivatives. Their role is to emulsify fats- break them down into smaller pieces and distribute them throughout the watery intestinal contents. Physically seperate large fat gobules entering the small intestine into millions of smaller more accessible fatty droplets that provide large surface areas for the fat digestive enzymes to work on

Answer 16

Bile salts

Question 17

The chief bile pigment is _________, a waste product of the heme of hemoglobin formed during the breakdown of worn-out erythrocytes.

Answer 17

Billirubin

Question 18

_________, gives feces a brown color

Answer 18

stercobilin

Question 19

An accessory digestive organ, the __________ is important to the digestive process because it produces enzymes that break down all categories of foodstuffs.

Answer 19

Pancreas

Question 20

This exocrine product, called _______ _______ drains from the pancreas into the duodenum via the centrally located main pancreatic duct, which is then emptied into the duodenum.

Answer 20

Pancreatic juice

Question 21

The ______ _____ produce the enzyme-rich component of pancreatic juice.

Answer 21

acinar cells

Question 22

The ____ of venous blood returning to the heart remains relatively unchanged because acidic blood draining from the pancreas neutralizes the alkaline blood draining from the stomach

Answer 22

pH

Question 23

The high pH of _______ _____ helps neutralize acid chyme entering the duodenum and provides the optimal environment for intestinal and pancreatic enzymes.

Answer 23

Pancreatic fluid

Question 24

_________, released by intestinal cells exposed to fatty chyme, also stimulates liver cells to secrete bile

Answer 24

secretin

Question 25

The major stimulus for gallbladder contraction is __________, which is released to the blood when acidic, fatty chyme enters the duodenum. It stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice and relaxes the hepatopancreatic sphincter so that bile and pancreatic juice can enter the duodenum.

Answer 25

Cholecystokinin

Question 26

The Primary function of the small intestine is ______

Answer 26

absorption

Question 27

___________, is the most common motion of the small intestine

Answer 27

segmentation