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Anatomy Dissection > Ch 61 Consolidated Regions and Musculature of the Lower Limb > Flashcards

Ch 61 Consolidated Regions and Musculature of the Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Regions of the lower limbs (7 items)

A

hip
gluteal region (transition area between trunk and lower limb)
thigh
knee
leg
ankle
foot

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2
Q

“coxa”

A

hip

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3
Q

“clunis”

A

buttock

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4
Q

“femur”

A

thigh

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5
Q

“genu”

A

knee

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6
Q

“crus”

A

leg

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7
Q

“sura”

A

calf

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8
Q

“talus”

A

ankle

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9
Q

“pes”

A

foot

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10
Q

“calx”

A

heel

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11
Q

“planta”

A

sole

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12
Q

“digiti pedis”

A

toes

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13
Q

“hallux”

A

big toe

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14
Q

Lower limb functions (2 items)

A

support weight
locomotion

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15
Q

Pelvic girdle connects the _ and the _ _ and is formed by 2 _ bones.

A

trunk
lower limb
hip

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16
Q

The 2 hip bones are joined in the _ and separated behind by the _

A

front
sacrum

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17
Q

The gluteal region group of the lower limb contains 4 muscles:

A

Gluteus Maximus m
Gluteus Medius m
Gluteus Minimus m
Tensor Fasciae Latae m

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18
Q

The Lateral Rotator group of the lower limb contains 6 muscles:

A

Piriformis m
Superior Gemellus m
Obturator Internus m (OI)
Inferior Gemellus m
Quadratus Femoris m
Obturator Externus m

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19
Q

The Anterior Thigh group of the lower limb contains 3 main muscles (7 total)

A

Iliopsoas m (made of Iliacus and Psoas Major m)
Sartorius m
Quadriceps Femoris m (made of Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, and Vastus Intermedius mm)

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20
Q

The Medial Thigh group of the lower limb contains 5 muscles:

A

Gracilis m
Pectineus m
ADDuctor Longus m
ADDuctor Brevis m
ADDuctor Magnus m

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21
Q

The Posterior Thigh (Hamstrings) group of the lower limb contains 3 main muscles

A

Semitendinosus m
Semimembranosus m
Biceps Femoris m (contains a long and a short head)

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22
Q

The Anterior Leg Compartment group of the lower limb contains 4 muscles:

A

Tibialis Anterior m
Extensor Hallucis Longus m
Extensor Digitorum Longus m
Fibularis (peroneus) Tertius m

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23
Q

The Lateral Leg Compartment group of the lower limb contains 2 muscles:

A

Fibularis (peroneus) Longus m
Fibularis (peroneus) Brevis m

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24
Q

The Superficial Posterior Leg Compartment group contains 3 muscles:

A

Gastrocnemius m
Soleus m
Plantaris m (aka freshman nerve)

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25
Q

The Deep Posterior Leg Compartment group contains 4 muscles:

A

Popliteus m
Tibialis Posterior m
Flexor Digitorum Longus m
Flexor Hallucis Longus m

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26
Q

The Dorsum of the Foot contains 1 muscle:

A

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

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27
Q

The Plantar Surface of the Foot group has _ layers of muscle.

A

4 layers

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28
Q

The 1st layer of the plantar surface of the foot contains 3 muscles:

A

ABDuctor Hallucis m
Flexor Digitorum Brevis m
ABDuctor Digiti Minimi m

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29
Q

The 2nd layer of the plantar surface of the foot contains 5 muscles:

A

Quadratus Plantae m
Lumbricals 1-4

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30
Q

The 3rd layer of the plantar surface of the foot contains 3 muscles:

A

Flexor Hallucis Brevis m
ADDuctor Hallucis m
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis m

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31
Q

The 4th layer of the plantar surface of the foot contains 7 muscles:

A

Plantar Interossei 1-3
Dorsal Interossei 1-4

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32
Q

Gluteus Maximus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Gluteal Region
A: Extend and laterally rotate thigh at hip
I: Inferior Gluteal n

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33
Q

Gluteus Medius m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Gluteal Region
A: ABDuct and medially rotate thigh at hip
I: Superior Gluteal n

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34
Q

Gluteus Minimus m
-action
-innervation

A

A: ABDuct and medially rotate thigh at hip
I: Superior Gluteal n

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35
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Flex and medially rotate thigh at hip
I: Superior Gluteal n

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36
Q

Piriformis m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G:Lateral Rotator
A: Laterally rotate thigh at hip
I: Nerve to piriformis

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37
Q

Superior Gemellus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Lateral Rotator
A: Laterally rotate thigh at hip
I: Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus

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38
Q

Obturator Internus (OI) m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Laterally rotate thigh at hip
I: Nerve to obturator internus and superior gemellus

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39
Q

Inferior Gemellus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Lateral Rotators
A: Laterally Rotate thigh at hip
I: Nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus

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40
Q

Quadratus Femoris m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Laterally rotate thigh at hip
I: Nerve to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus

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41
Q

Obturator Externus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Lateral Rotators
A: Laterally rotate thigh at hip
I: Posterior branch of obturator n

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42
Q

Iliopsoas m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G:Anterior Thigh
A: Flexion of the trunk
I: Femoral n

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43
Q

Sartorius m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Anterior Thigh
A: Flex, ABDuct, laterally rotate thigh at hip and flex leg at knee
I: Femoral n

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44
Q

Rectus Femoris m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Anterior Thigh (Quadriceps Femoris)
A: Flex thigh at hip and extend leg at knee
I: Femoral n

45
Q

Vastus Lateralis m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Extend leg at knee
I: Femoral n

46
Q

Vastus Medialis m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Extend leg at knee
I: Femoral n

47
Q

Vastus Intermedius m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Extend leg at knee
I: Femoral n

48
Q

Gracilis m
-action
-innervation

A

A: ADDuct thigh at hip and flex leg at knee
I: Anterior branch of obturator n

49
Q

Pectineus m
-action
-innervation

A

A: ADDuct and flex thigh at hip
I: Femoral n

50
Q

ADDuctor Longus m
-action
-innervation

A

A: ADDuct and flex thigh at hip
I: Anterior branch of obturator n

51
Q

ADDuctor Brevis m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G:Medial Thigh
A: ADDuct and flex thigh at hip
I: Anterior branch of obturator n

52
Q

ADDuctor Magnus m (adductor and extensor parts)
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Medial Thigh
A: ADDuct and flex thigh at hip (adductor part) and extend thigh at hip (extensor part)
I: Posterior branch of obturator n (adductor n) and tibial part of sciatic n (extensor part)

53
Q

Semitendinosus m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Extend thigh at hip and flex leg at knee
I: Tibial part of sciatic n

54
Q

Semimembranosus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G:Posterior Thigh (Hamstring)
A: Extend thigh at hip and flex leg at knee
kickbutt
I: Tibial part of sciatic n

55
Q

Biceps Femoris m (long and short head)
-action
-innervation

A

A: Extend thigh at hip and flex leg at knee (long head) and laterally rotate leg at knee (short head)
I: Tibial part of sciatic n (long head) and common fibular part of sciatic n (short head)

56
Q

Tibialis Anterior m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Anterior Leg Compartment
A: Dorsiflex and invert foot at ankle
I: Deep fibular n

57
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Extend big toe
I: Deep Fibular n

58
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Anterior Leg Compartment
A: Extend toes 2-5
I: Deep fibular n

59
Q

Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Anterior Leg Compartment
A: Dorsiflex and evert foot at ankle
I: Deep fibular n

60
Q

Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Lateral Leg Compartment
A: Evert foot at ankle
I: Superficial fibular n

61
Q

Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Lateral Leg Compartment
A: Evert foot at ankle
I: Superficial fibular n

62
Q

Gastroctnemius m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Superficial Posterior Leg Compartment
A: Plantar flex foot at ankle
I: Tibial n

63
Q

Soleus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Superficial Posterior Leg Compartment
A: Plantar flex foot at ankle
I: Tibial n

64
Q

Plantaris m (nickname - freshman nerve)
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G:Superficial Posterior Leg Compartment
A: Plantar flex foot at ankle
I: Tibial n

65
Q

Popliteus m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Medially rotate leg at knee
I: Tibial n

66
Q

Tibialis Posterior m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Plantar flex and invert foot at ankle
I: Tibial n

67
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Deep Posterior Leg Compartment
A: Flex toes 2-5
I: Tibial n

68
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G:Deep Posterior Leg Compartment
A: Flex toe 1
I: Tibial n

69
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Extend toes 1-4
I: Deep Fibular n

70
Q

ABDuctor Hallucis m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Plantar Surface Layer 1
A: ABDuct big toe
I: Medial Plantar n (MPN)

71
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Plantar Surface Layer 1
A: Flex toes 2-5
I: MPN

72
Q

ABDuctor Digiti Minimi m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G:Plantar Surface Layer 1
A: ABDuct toe 5
I: Lateral plantar n (LPN)

73
Q

Quadratus Plantae m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Flex toes 2-5
I: LPN

74
Q

Lumbricals 1-4
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Plantar Surface Layer 2
A: Flex toes 2-5
I: LPN and MPN

75
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis m
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Plantar Surface Layer 3
A: Flex big toe
I: MPN

76
Q

ADDuctor Hallucis m
-action
-innervation

A

A: ADDuct big toe
I: LPN

77
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis m
-action
-innervation

A

A: Flex little toe
I: LPN

78
Q

Plantar Interossei 1-3
-action
-innervation

A

A: ADDuct toes
I: LPN

79
Q

Dorsal Interossei 1-4
-group
-action
-innervation

A

G: Plantar Surface Layer 4
A: ABDuct toes
I: LPN

80
Q

Femoral Triangle is found in the upper _ of the _ surface of the thigh

A

1/3
anterior

81
Q

3 boundaries of the femoral triangle:

A

Lateral: Sartorius m
Medial: ADDuctor Longus m, medial border
Superior: Inguinal Ligament

82
Q

The inguinal ligament is derived from the_ of the _ _ muscle from the anterior abdominal wall

A

aponeurosis
external oblique muscle

83
Q

The inguinal ligament extends from the _ _ _ _ (ASIS) to the _ _

A

anterior superior iliac spine
pubic tubercle

84
Q

The roof of the femoral triangle is the _ _ muscle

A

Fascia Lata

85
Q

The floor of the femoral triangle (laterally to medially) [3 items]:

A

Iliopsoas m
Pectineus m
ADDuctor Longus m

86
Q

Contents of the femoral triangle (4 items)

A

Femoral n
Femoral a
Femoral v
Femoral canal

87
Q

The pes anserinus is the collective insertion of 3 muscles into the upper medial surface of the tibia:

A

Satorius m
Gracilis m
Semiteninosus m

88
Q

The _ _ is a diamond shaped area on the posterior aspect of the knee

A

popliteal fossa

89
Q

The 4 boundaries of the popliteal fossa are:

A

Superior-Medial: Semimembranosus m and Semitendinosus m
Superior-Lateral: Biceps Femoris m
Inferior-Medial: Medial Head of Gastrocnemius m
Inferior-Lateral: Lateral head of gastrocnemius m and plantaris m

90
Q

The roof of the popliteal fossa is merely the _ over the popliteal fossa

A

fascia

91
Q

The floor of the popliteal fascia is composed of 2 items:

A

Popliteal surface of the femur
Oblique popliteal ligament

92
Q

The oblique popliteal ligament is part of the tendon of insertion of the _ muscle which is reflected upwards and laterally to reach the _ condyle of the femur and involves the _ muscle

A

semimembranosus m
lateral
popliteus m

93
Q

The oblique popliteal ligament contains 4 items:

A

Popliteal a
Popliteal v
Tibial n
Common Fibular n

94
Q

From anterior to posterior 3 structures in the oblique popliteal ligament relate to each other:

A

Popliteal a
Popliteal v
Tibial n

95
Q

The leg is subdivided into _ due to arrangements of bones, interosseus membrane, and fascia

A

compartments

96
Q

2 Fascial extensions attach to the fibula laterally:

A

Anterior Intermuscular septum
Posterior Intermuscular Septum

97
Q

One layer of fascia connects the posterior portion of the tibia with the fibula:

A

deep transverse fascia of the leg

98
Q

The 3 fascia of the leg _ _ _ , _ _ _, and _ _ _ and the interosseus membrane subdivide the leg into compartments

A

Anterior intermuscular septum
Posterior intermuscular septum
Deep transverse fascia

99
Q

The 4 compartments of the leg are:

A

Anterior compartment
Lateral Compartment
Superficial Posterior Compartment
Deep Posterior Compartment

100
Q

The _ is the part of the lower limb distal to the ankle

A

foot

101
Q

The _ of the foot is the superior surface

A

dorsum

102
Q

The _ surface of the foot is the inferior surface

A

plantar

103
Q

The _ is the posterior part of the plantar surface

A

heel

104
Q

The _ is the anterior part of the plantar surface

A

sole

105
Q

Toes are numbered 1-5 from _ to _

A

medial to lateral

106
Q

The skin of the dorsum of the foot is _ and _.

A

thin and mobile

107
Q

The skin of the plantar part of the foot is _ and _ bound to the subcutaneous tissue (fibrofatty pads)

A

thick and firmly

108
Q

The plantar aponeurosis is a _ shaped connective tissue membrane between the _ _ of the plantar surface of the foot and the _ of the muscles in this area

A

triangle
subcutaneous tissue
tendons

109
Q

The apex of the plantar aponeurosis attaches to the calcaneus _; its base is continuous with the fascia of the five toes _.

A

posteriorly
anteriorly

Anatomy Dissection (39 decks)

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