Ch 5 Muscular System Flashcards
Muscular System (define)
composed of all muscles in body, concerned w/ movement of total body and movement within body
Properties of Muscle Tissue (5)
-Contractility (muscle shortens/ contracts)
-Extensibility (muscle extends, stretches)
-Elasticity (ability for muscle to return to original state after stretch)
-Irritability (susceptibility to reacting to external stimuli)
-Tonus (state of partial contraction allowing it to react when stimulated)
Classification of Muscle on Nervous Control: Involuntary
not subject to control of will; ex) cardiac and smooth muscle
Classification of Muscle on Nervous Control: Voluntary
subject to control of will; ex) skeletal muscle
Smooth Muscle
-long spindles thick in center and pointed at ends
-lacks striations
-one nucleus per cell
-on walls of internal organs and vessels in body
-when arranged circularly it contracts and obliterates cavity or lumen of the organ/structure-THINK sphincter
Cardiac Muscle
-located in heart
-striated
-one nucleus per cell
Skeletal Muscle
-made of long cells (up to 4mm long)
-multinucleated
- highly visible striations and voluntary movement
-attached to skeleton and other structures and allow movement when contracted
Fascia (define/ 3 functions)
connective tissue layer around muscles and between adjacent muscles, external and often fused to EPIMYSIUM
-permits gliding of one muscle over another
-makes paths for passage of vessels/nerves
-rich blood and nerve supply
Nomenclature of muscles (7 criteria)
-Direction of fibers (rectus abdominIS)
-Function (flexor digitorum profundus)
-Shape (rhomboid major)
-Location (tibialis anterior)
-# of heads of origin (biceps brachii)
-Size of muscle (gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus)
-Points of attachment (sternocleidomastoid)
Individual Muscle (4 criteria)
-origin (nonmovable part of attachment)
-insertion (movable point of attachment)
-action (movement a particular muscle makes)
-Innervation (nerve supply)
Muscle Attachments (7 type)
Refers to both origin and insertion
-Bone
-Cartilage
-Skin
-Fascia
-Ligaments (bone-bone)
-Tendons (muscle- bone)
-Aponeurosis (flattened tendon)
Contractility (define)
muscle shortening/contracting
Extensibility (define)
muscle extending/ stretching
Elasticity (define)
how much muscle can return back to original state after stretching
Irritability (define)
Susceptibility of reacting to external stimuli
Tonus (define)
state of prial contraction so it can react when stimulated
Example of muscle named after DIRECTION OF FIBERS
rectus abdominis
Example of muscle named after its FUNCTION
flexor digitorum profundus
Example of muscle named after SHAPE
Rhomboid Major
Example of muscle named after its LOCATION
Tibialis Anterior
Example of muscle named after the # OF HEADS OF ORIGIN
Biceps Brachii
Example of muscles named after SIZE
Gluteus Maximus, Medius, Mininmus
Example of muscle named after its POINTS OF ATTACHMENT
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin (define)
NONmovable part of muscle attachment
Insertion (define)
MOVABLE part of muscle attachment
Involuntary muscles
smooth and cardiac
Voluntary muscles
skeletal
