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Anatomy Dissection > Ch 19 Larynx > Flashcards

Ch 19 Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

The _ is a cartilaginous organ found at the superior end of the trachea.

A

Larynx

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2
Q

3 main functions of the larynx:

A

-valve to guard air passages (mainly during swallowing)
-maintain open air passage
-vocalization

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3
Q

4 main types of cartilage making up the larynx:

A

-thyroid cartilage
-cricoid cartilage
-arytenoid cartilage
-epiglottic cartilage

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4
Q

The largest cartilage of the larynx is:

A

thyroid cartilage

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5
Q

The thyroid cartilage is made of 2 flat plates called _ that fuse _ and diverge _.

A

laminae, fuse anteriorly, diverge posteriorly

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5
Q

The anterior fused segment of the thyroid cartilage is called the _ _ .

A

laryngeal prominence

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6
Q

The laryngeal prominence is AKA

A

Adam’s Apple

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7
Q

The superior border of the thyroid cartilage forms the _ _ _ which is palpable

A

superior thyroid notch

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8
Q

The superior _ of the thyroid cartilage attaches via ligaments of the _ bone

A

horn, hyoid

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9
Q

The inferior _ of the thyroid cartilage articulates with the _ cartilage

A

horn, cricoid

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10
Q

The lateral surface of the thyroid cartilage is crossed by a/an _ _ to which the strap muscles attach

A

oblique line

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11
Q

The cricoid cartilage forms a _ _

A

complete ring

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12
Q

The posterior part of the cricoid cartilage is in the form of a _ _, the lamina.

A

flat plate

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13
Q

The anterior part of the cricoid cartilage is narrow, called the _ and is found at the level of _.

A

arch, CV6

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14
Q

The upper border of the cricoid cartilage articulates with the _ cartilages

A

arytenoid cartilages

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15
Q

The lower border of the cricoid cartilage is connected to the 1st ring of the _ via the _ ligament.

A

trachea, cricotracheal

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16
Q

The _ cartilages are a pair of cartilages found at the upper border of the lamina of the cricoid cartilage.

A

Arytenoid

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17
Q

Each arytenoid cartilage is _ in shape and has an _ above and a _ below.

A

pyramidal, apex, base

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18
Q

The arytenoid cartilages of the larynx have 2 processes:

A

-vocal processes
-muscular processes

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19
Q

The vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilages extend _ from the base and serves as attachment of the _ ligament.

A

forward, vocal ligament

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20
Q

The muscular processes of the arytenoid cartilages extend _ from the base and serves as attachment of the muscles of the _.

A

laterally, larynx

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21
Q

The _ cartilage is leaf shaped and extends _ and _ from the thyroid cartilage

A

epiglottic, superiorly and posteriorly

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22
Q

The upper end of the epiglottic cartilage is _ and its lower end is _.

A

broad, narrow

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23
Q

The lower end of the epiglottic cartilage forms the _ AKA _ that attaches to the _ cartilage

A

stalk AKA petiolus, thyroid

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24
Q

The epiglottic cartilage functions by _ and _ the _ cavity during swallowing.

A

lifting and closing, laryngeal

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25
Q

2 smaller kinds of cartilage part of the larynx include:

A

-cuneiform cartilage
-corniculate cartilage

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26
Q

The corniculate cartilage of the larynx are set upon the apices of the _ cartilages.

A

arytenoid

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27
Q

The cuneiform cartilages are found within the fold of mucous membrane between the _ and _ cartilages and these folds are called the _ folds

A

arytenoid and epiglottic cartilages, aryepiglottic folds

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28
Q

The extrinsic muscles of the larynx include _ and _.

A

elevators and depressors

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29
Q

The extrinsic elevator muscles of the larynx include (4 items)

A

-thryohyoid
-stylohyoid
-mylohyoid
-digastric

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30
Q

The extrinsic depressor muscles of the larynx include (3 items )

A

-omohyoid
-sternohyoid
-sternothyroid

31
Q

The intrinsic muscles of the larynx include (6 items):

A

Please Leave Crying Vocalists Alone, Thanks

-posterior cricoarytenoid
-lateral cricoarytenoid
-cricothyroid
-vocalis
-arytenoideus
-thyroarytenoid

32
Q

The cricothyroid muscle extends from the _ of the cricoid cartilage to the _ of the thyroid cartilage and the _ horn of the thyroid cartilage

A

arch of cricoid, lamina of thyroid, inferior horn of thyroid cartilage

33
Q

The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle extends from the _ surface of the lamina of the cricoid to the _ _ of the arytenoid.

A

posterior, muscular process

34
Q

The lateral cricoarytenoid muscle courses from the _ of the cricoid to the _ _ of the arytenoid.

A

arch of cricoid, muscular process

35
Q

The arytenoideus muscle of the larynx connects the _ surfaces of the 2 arytenoids.

A

posterior

36
Q

The thyroarytenoid muscle extends from the _ surface of the lamina of the thyroid cartilage to the _ _ of the arytenoid.

A

medial, muscular process

37
Q

The vocalis muscle courses from the _ surface of the _ cartilage posteriorly to the _ _of the arytenoid cartilage.

A

internal, thyroid cartilage, vocal process

38
Q

The action of all of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles is _ of the vocal cords, except the _ _ which ABDUCTS the vocal cords

A

ADDUCTION, posterior cricoarytenoid

39
Q

All intrinsic larynx muscles are innervated by the _ _ nerve EXCEPT the cricothyroid muscle which is supplied by the _ _ nerve.

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal nerve

40
Q

The superior laryngeal nerve is a direct branch of the _nerve that divides into 2 branches and supplies the _.

A

vagus, larynx

41
Q

The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve courses on the external surface of the larynx to innervate the _ _.

A

cricothyroid muscle

42
Q

The internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve pierces the membrane between the _ bone and thyroid and innervates the mucous membrane lining the larynx _ the vocal cords with sensory nerves.

A

hyoid, above

43
Q

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a direct branch of the vagus nerve and begins in the _.

A

thorax

44
Q

The right recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around the _ artery and the left loops around the _.

A

subclavian artery, aorta

45
Q

Both sides of the recurrent laryngeal nerve ascend to the larynx in the groove between the _ and _.

A

esophagus and trachea

46
Q

The recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies sensory innervation to the mucous membrane _ the vocal folds as well as a majority of _ muscles of the larynx

A

below, intrinsic

47
Q

Arterial supply for the larynx comes from 2 primary vessels:

A

-superior laryngeal artery
-inferior laryngeal artery

48
Q

The superior laryngeal artery arises from the _ _ artery and the _ _ artery

A

superior thyroid artery and the external carotid artery

49
Q

The inferior laryngeal artery arises from the _ _ artery which arises from the thyrocervical trunk which arises from the _ artery

A

inferior thyroid artery, subclavian artery

50
Q

Cavity of larynx is divided in 3 parts:

A

-vestibule
-ventricle
-infraglottic cavity

51
Q

Each cavity of the larynx is separated by 2 horizontal folds of mucous membrane: the _ _ fold and the _ _ fold

A

false vocal fold, true vocal fold

52
Q

The vestibule of the larynx extends from the _ AKA inlet down to the _ _ vocal folds AKA vestibular folds

A

aditus AKA inlet, false vocal folds

53
Q

The aditus AKA _ is the opening into the larynx from the _.

A

inlet, laryngopharynx

54
Q

The aditus/inlet of the vestibule is bound anteriorly by the _ and on each side by the _ folds

A

epiglottis, arytepiglottic folds

55
Q

Closure of the inlet/aditus of the epiglottis protects the _ _ against the invasion of food and foreign bodies

A

respiratory passages

56
Q

The false vocal folds of the laryngeal vestibule extend from the _ cartilage in front to the _ cartilages behind

A

thyroid cartilage, arytenoid cartilages

57
Q

Each false vocal cord contains a ligament called the _ ligament

A

vestibular

58
Q

The _ _ _ are not involved in voice production, hence their name

A

false vocal folds

59
Q

Between each false vocal fold on each side in the larynx is called the _ _

A

rima vesibuli

60
Q

True or false: The true and false vocal folds are adducted by different muscles

A

FALSE, the same

61
Q

When the true and false vocal folds are adducted they _ the rima vestibuli

A

obliterate

62
Q

When the _ _ of the larynx are obliterated they _ intrabdominal pressure during urination, defecation, or parturition

A

rima vestibuli, increase

63
Q

The ventricle of Morgagni is the space located on either side of the larynx between the _ _ _ above and the _ _ _ below

A

false vocal folds, true vocal folds

64
Q

The ventricle of the larynx’s action:

A

allowing free movement of the vocal folds

65
Q

The true vocal folds bound the ventricle of the larynx _.

A

inferiorly

66
Q

The true vocal folds are2 folds of mucous membrane that contain the _ muscle and the _ _

A

vocalis muscle, vocal ligament

67
Q

The true vocal folds extend from the angle of the _ cartilage in front of the vocal processes of the _ cartilages behind

A

thyroid cartilage, arytenoid cartilages

68
Q

True or false: the narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity is the rima vestibuli

A

FALSE, rima glottidis
-NOT rima vestibuli

69
Q

The rima glottidis is the space found between the 2 _ _ folds

A

true vocal folds

70
Q

The vocal folds control the stream of air passing through the _ _ and are important in _ _.

A

rima glottidis, voice production

71
Q

The valleculae cavity of the pharynx contains 3 folds:

A

-median glossoepiglottic fold (1)
-lateral glossoepiglottic fold(2)

72
Q

The median glossoepiglottic fold attaches the _ to the posterior _.

A

epiglottis to the posterior tongue

73
Q

The 2 LATERAL glossoepiglottic folds attach the _ to the _

A

epiglottis to the pharynx

74
Q

The depressions between the medial and lateral folds in the valleculae of the larynx are called the _ _

A

epiglottic valleculae

75
Q

The epiglottic valleculae of the larynx collects saliva from the _ _.

A

posterior tongue

76
Q

_ are important landmarks for intubation

A

valleculae

Anatomy Dissection (39 decks)

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