Ch 4 Articular System

Question 1

Joint/ Articulation

Answer 1

connection of components of skeletal system; ARTHROLOGY

Question 2

Classification

Answer 2

based on intervening tissue between ends of bones;
-fibrous
-cartilaginous
-synovial

Question 3

Fibrous Joint

Answer 3

united by fibrous connective tissue
-suture
-syndesmosis

Question 4

Suture

Answer 4

a type of fibrous joint formation; between bones whose articulating surfaces are serrated and form INTERDIGITATIONS
-sutures are immovable
-located in skull only
-ex) sagittal suture

Question 5

Syndesmosis

Answer 5

a type of fibrous joint; intervening connective tissue is more than that found in a suture
-a syndesmosis is slightly movable
-is found between 2 bones of forearm and 2 bones of the leg
-ex) radio-ulnar syndesmosis

Question 6

Cartilaginous Joint

Answer 6

united by cartilage
-hyaline cartilage joint
-fibrocartilaginous joint

Question 7

Hyaline Cartilage Joint

Answer 7

a type of cartilaginous joint; intervening tissue is hyaline
-immovable
-found between EPIPHYSIS and DIAPHYSIS of growing bone; OSSIFIES later
-ex)epiphyseal disc

Question 8

Fibrocartilaginous Joint

Answer 8

a type of cartilaginous joint; intervening tissue is fibrocartilage
-slightly movable
-found between adjacent vertebral bodies and between R and L pubic bones
-ex) intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis

Question 9

Synovial Joint

Answer 9

possesses a cavity and is specialized to allow free movement; intervening tissue is synovial fluid
-articular cartilage
-articular capsule
-synovial membrane

Question 10

Articular Cartilage

Answer 10

part of synovial joint; covers ends of articulating bones
-layer of hyaline cartilage
-avascular
-no nerves
-radiolucent(cannot be seen on Xray)

Question 11

Articular Capsule

Answer 11

part of synovial joint; connects 2 bones and encircles the joint, encloses synovial cavity;
composed of
-outer fibrous layer which is continuous with periosteum of bone
-inner layer called the synovial membrane which lines the fibrous layer

Question 12

Synovial Membrane

Answer 12

part of the articular capsule which is part of the synovial joint;
-vascular and produces synovial fluid (derived from blood) for the cavity it encircles
-lubricates the joint and nourishes the articular cartilage

Question 13

Types of Movement for Synovial Joints

Answer 13

-gliding
-angular movement
-rotation

Question 14

Gliding movement

Answer 14

slight slipping of one bone over another, little actual movement needed, occurs with flat surfaces

Question 15

Angular Movement

Answer 15

-flexion
-extension
-abduction
-adduction
-circumduction
-dorsiflextion
-plantar flexion
-eversion
-inversion

Question 16

Flexion

Answer 16

bending of a joint so that the angle becomes more acute

Question 17

Extension

Answer 17

straightening of flexed joint

Question 18

ABDuction

Answer 18

movement away from median plane

Question 19

ADDuction

Answer 19

movement towards median plane

Question 20

Circumduction

Answer 20

combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction

Question 21

Dorsiflextion

Answer 21

move dorsum of foot to anterior leg

Question 22

Plantar flexion

Answer 22

move dorsum of foot away from anterior of leg

Question 23

Eversion

Answer 23

move lateral surface of foot superiorly (heels move outward)

Question 24

INversion

Answer 24

move medial surface of foot superiorly (heels move inward)