Ch 13 Brain Flashcards
Cerebrum contains 2 _.
2 hemispheres
True or false: the largest part of the brain is the Cerebellum
FALSE
-cerebrum
_ are convolutions of the cerebrum and are separated by _.
Gyri, Sulci
True or false: the cerebellum contains various fissures and sulci
FALSE,
-cerebrum
4 Major fissures of the cerebrum:
-longitudinal fissue
-transverse fissure AKA tranverse sulcus
-lateral fissure or sulcus
-central sulcus
The longitudinal fissure of the cerebrum separates the _ and _ _.
right and left hemispheres
The longitudinal fissure is occupied by the _ _.
falx cerebri
The transverse fissure or sulcus separates the _ and _.
cerebrum and cerebellum
The transverse fissure is occupied by _ _.
tentorium cerebelli
The lateral fissure or sulcus separates the _ _ from the rest of the cerebrum _ to it.
temporal lobe, superior
The central sulcus separates the _ (motor) and _ (sensory) gyri
precentral, postcentral
The cerebrum contains 4 main lobes:
-frontal
-parietal
-temporal
-occipital
The 5th lobe AKA the _ sits within the depths of the _ _.
insula, lateral sulcus
The primary motor cortex is the _central gyrus.
precentral gyrus
The primary sensory cortex is the _central gyrus.
postcentral gyrus
The primary motor cortex sits _ to the central sulcus.
ANTERIOR
The primary sensory cortex sits _ to the central sulcus
POSTERIOR
Basal Nuclei are AKA:
Basal Ganglia
The basal nuclei AKA basal ganglia constitute the _ matter of the _.
gray matter, cerebrum
The basal nuclei AKA basal ganglia control _ and _.
movement and posture
Diseases of the basal ganglia AKA nuclei involve disturbances in _ _ control.
VOLUNTARY muscle control
-Parkinson’s disease
-Huntington’s chorea
The _ is the most important sensory relay center in the brain.
Thalamus
The thalamus sends incoming impulses from receptors of the body to the _ _.
cerebral cortex
The pineal gland AKA pineal body lies _ to the thalamus
POSTERIOR
Pineal Gland is AKA:
the pineal body
True or false: the pineal gland AKA pineal body secretes melanin which is involved in wake/sleep cycle.
FALSE!
MELATONIN, NOT MELANIN
The 3 structures the hypothalamus sits between/is associated with are:
-Optic Chiasma
-Mammillary Bodies
-Pituitary Gland
The CN II AKA optic nerves cross in the _ _.
optic chiasma
The mammillary bodies are part of the _ system and are the sensory _ station.
limbic, synaptic
The pituitary gland projects _ from the hypothalamus and secretes hormones
inferior
The hypothalamus functions in the regulation of visceral activity including:
-body temperature
-carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
-sleep, sexual activity, and emotions
The 3 main components of the brainstem superiorly to inferiorly are:
-midbrain
-pons
-medulla oblongata
The anterior part of the midbrain contains the _ _.
-Cerebral Peduncles
The posterior part of the midbrain contain the _ _ and the _ AKA _.
-Corpora Quadrigemina
-Tectum AKA roof
The corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain contains 4 _ that are arranges in 2 pairs.
elevations
The 4 elevations (2 pair) of the corpus quadrigemina of the midbrain are the _ and _ colliculi.
superior and inferior colliculi
The superior culliculi are involved in the pathway of
vision
The inferior culliculi are involved in the pathway of
hearing
The pons acts as a bridge connecting the right and left _ hemispheres.
cerebellar hemispheres
The pons relays impulses from the _ _ to the _.
cerebral cortex to the cerebellum
The part of the brain that directly continues with the spinal cord is the _ _.
medulla oblongata
The medulla oblongata contains most of the _ and _ tracts of the spinal cord
ascending and descending
The medulla oblongata contains several _ involved in regulation of _ _ activities.
nuclei, vital body
The 3 types of main vital body activities that the medulla oblongata helps regulate include:
-respiratory
-cardiac (HR)
-vasomotor (BP)
decussation=
crossing
The medulla oblongata represents an area in which _ tract fibers lie called the _
pyramidal, pyramids
The pyramidal tract fibers cross or decussate over the _ side at a point called the _ _.
contralateral
pyramidal decussation
Other tracts (not pyramidal) that are represented by the medulla oblongata cross either in the _ or the _ _.
brain or spinal cord
The cerebellum is AKA:
little brain
The cerebellum AKA little brain connects with the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata via the superior, middle, and inferior _ _ respectively.
cerebellar peduncles
The 2 hemispheres of the cerebellum are separated by a _ _.
median vermis
The outer cortex of the cerebellum contains _ separated by fissures.
folia
folia=
leaves
The white matter within the cerebellum that branches out if called the _ _.
arbor vitae
3 functions of the cerebellum include:
-coordination of muscular activities
-regulation of muscle tone
-maintaining equilibrium
