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Anatomy Dissection > Ch 20 Neck > Flashcards

Ch 20 Neck Flashcards

1
Q

The neck has 8 bones, _ of which are cervical vertebrae and a _ bone

A

7, hyoid

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2
Q

The hyoid bone is _ shaped and lies on the _ portion of the neck between the _ and the _.

A

U, anterior, mandible and the larynx

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3
Q

The hyoid bone’s body sits _ and has 2 greater and lesser horns projecting _.

A

anteriorly , posteriorly

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4
Q

True or false: the hyoid bone articulates with CV3

A

FALSE; it doesn’t articulate with anything, just suspended by muscle

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5
Q

The _ AKA voice box is a cartilaginous organ located at the upper end of the _.

A

larynx, voicebox, trachea

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6
Q

The larynx consists of different cartilages but the largest is the _ cartilage

A

thyroid

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7
Q

larynx is AKA=

A

voice box

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8
Q

trachea is AKA =

A

windpipe

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9
Q

The _ AKA _ is a cartilaginous pipe that extends from the _ above coursing _ through the neck into the thorax

A

trachea, windpipe, larynx, inferiorly

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10
Q

The thyroid is an endocrine gland found on both _ of the trachea just _ the larynx

A

both sides, below

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11
Q

The _ of the thyroid connects its 2 _ across the trachea

A

isthmus, lobes

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12
Q

The parathyroid gland consists of - endocrine glands and is found on the _ surface of the thyroid gland

A

2-4, posterior

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13
Q

True or false: the thyroid and parathyroid are both supplied by the anterior and posterior thyroid arteries

A

FALSE
SUPERIOR and INFERIOR thyroid arteries

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14
Q

The muscle groups of the neck include (6):

A

-Platysma AKA Subcutaneous muscle
-Sternocleidomastoid
-INFRAhyoid muscles
-SUPRAhyoid muscles
-Scalene muscles
-Prevertebral muscles

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15
Q

Platysma is AKA=

A

Subcutaneous muscle ATTACHES TO THE SKIN

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16
Q

Platysma- origin-

A

Skin over the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles

think about shoulder and breast plates on deltoid and pecs of greek warriors

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17
Q

Platysma -insertion-

A

lower BORDER of the mandible

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18
Q

Platysma -action-

A

elevation of the skin OF the neck

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19
Q

Platysma -innervation-

A

CNVII AKA Facial Nerve

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20
Q

Sternocleidomastoid -origin-

A

STERNAL HEAD: manubrium of the sternum
CLAVICULAR HEAD: MEDIAL 3RD of the clavical

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21
Q

Sternocleidomastoid -insertion-

A

mastoid process of the skull

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22
Q

Sternocleidomastoid -action-

A

UNILATERAL: rotation of head to OPPOSITE side
BILATERAL: FLEXION of the head AT the neck

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23
Q

Sternocleidomastoid -innervation-

A

CNXI AKA Accessory Nerve

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24
Q

Infrahyoid muscles are AKA=

A

strap muscles

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25
Q

Infrahyoid muscle group AKA strap muscle group contains (4 muscles):

A

-ThyroHYoid
-SternoHYoid
-SternoTHYroid
-Omohyoid

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26
Q

ThyroHYoid -origin-*

A

thyroid cartilage

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27
Q

ThyroHyoid -insertion-

A

hyoid bone

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28
Q

ThyroHYoid -action-*

A

-elevation of larynx during speech and swallowing
-depression of the hyoid during speech and swallowing

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29
Q

ThyroHYoid -innervation-*

A

C1 VIA CNXII AKA Hypoglossal nerve

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30
Q

SternoHYoid -origin-

A

manubrium of the sternum

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31
Q

SternoHYoid -insertion-

A

hyoid bone

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32
Q

SternoHYoid -action-

A

depression of the larynx and hyoid during speech and swallowing

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33
Q

SternoHyoid -innervation-

A

Ansa Cervicalis

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34
Q

SternoTHYRoid -origin-

A

manubrium of the sternum

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35
Q

SternoTHYRoid -insertion-*

A

thyroid cartilage

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36
Q

SternoTHYRoid -action-

A

depression of the larynx and hyoid during speech and swallowing

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37
Q

SternoTHYRoid -innervation-

A

Ansa Cervicalis

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38
Q

Omohyoid -origin-*

A

SUPERIOR BORDER of the scapula

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39
Q

Omohyoid -insertion-

A

hyoid bone

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40
Q

Omohyoid -action-

A

depression of the larynx and hyoid during speech and swallowing

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41
Q

Omohyoid -innervation-

A

Ansa Cervicalis

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42
Q

Which muscle within the infrahyoid group AKA strap muscle group does NOT share an innervation with the rest? What is it?

A

Thyrohyoid
C1 via CN XII AKA hypoglossal nerve, not ansa cervicalis

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43
Q

Which muscle within the infrahyoid group AKA strap muscle group does NOT share an insertion with the rest? What is it?

A

Sternothyroid
thyroid bone, not hyoid bone

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44
Q

Which muscle within the infrahyoid group AKA strap muscle group does NOT share an action with the rest? What is it?

A

Thyrohyoid
elevation of larynx and depression of hyoid during speech and swallowing, not depression of both

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45
Q

Which muscles within the infrahyoid group AKA strap muscle group share their origin? What is it?

A

Sternohyoid and Sternothyroid
-manubrium of the sternum

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46
Q

The Suprahyoid muscle group includes (4 muscles):

A

Don’t Get Me Started
-Digastric
-Geniohyoid
-Mylohyoid
-Stylohyoid

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47
Q

The Scalene Muscle group includes (3 muscles):

A

-Scalene Anterior
-Scalene Medius
-Scalene Posterior

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48
Q

Scalene Anterior -origin-

A

cervical vertebrae

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49
Q

Scalene Anterior -insertion-

A

1st rib

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50
Q

Scalene Anterior -action-

A

LATERAL FLEXION of the neck
elevation of the 1st rib

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51
Q

Scalene Anterior -innervation-

A

Ventral Rami

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52
Q

Scalene Medius -origin-

A

cervical vertebrae

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53
Q

Scalene Medius -insertion-

A

1st rib

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54
Q

Scalene Medius -action-

A

LATERAL FLEXION of the neck
elevation of the 1st rib

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55
Q

Scalene Medius -innervation-

A

Ventral Rami

56
Q

Scalene Posterior -origin-

A

cervical vertebrae

57
Q

Scalene Posterior -insertion-

A

2nd rib

58
Q

Scalene Posterior -action-

A

LATERAL FLEXION of the neck
elevation of the 2ND RIB*

59
Q

Scalene Posterior -innervation-

A

Ventral Rami

60
Q

Which muscle within the scalene group does NOT share an insertion with the rest? What is it?*

A

Scalene Posterior
2nd rib

61
Q

Which muscle within the scalene group does NOT share an action with the rest? What is it?*

A

Scalene Posterior
elevation of the 2nd rib, not the 1st
-still causes lateral flexion of the neck though*

62
Q

What is the shared origin of the muscles of the scalene muscle group?

A

cervical vertebrae

63
Q

What is the shared innervation of the muscles of the scalene muscle group?

A

Ventral Rami

64
Q

What is the one shared action of the muscles of the scalene muscle group?

A

lateral flexion of the neck

65
Q

Structures ANTERIOR to the scalene anterior muscle (5 structures):

A

Anterior: 5 things: 2 nerves, 2 veins, 1(2) artery

-Phrenic Nerve
-Vagus Nerve
-Common Carotid Artery/Internal Carotid Artery
-Internal Jugular Vein
-Subclavian VEIN

66
Q

Structures POSTERIOR to the scalene anterior muscle (2 structures):

A

-Subclavian ARTERY
-Brachial Plexus

67
Q

Scalene Triangle:

A

-Scalene Anterior(anterior boundary)
-Scalene Medius (posterior)
-1st Rib (inferior)

68
Q

Which boundary of the Scalene Triangle does the 1st Rib make up?

A

Inferior Boundary

69
Q

Which boundary of the Scalene Triangle does the Scalene Medius make up?

A

Posterior Boundary

70
Q

Which boundary of the Scalene Triangle does the Scalene Anterior make up?

A

Anterior Boundary

71
Q

The Prevertebral muscle group consists of 2 muscles, the _ _ and the _ _ AKA _

A

-longus capitis
-longus cervicis AKA colli

72
Q

Longus Cervicis is part of the _ muscle group and is AKA=

A

Prevertebral
COLLI

73
Q

Nerves of the neck include ( 3 main groups)

A

-Cervical Plexus
-CN X AKA Vagus Nerve
-Sympathetic Trunk

cvs

74
Q

The cervical plexus is a _ nerve plexus formed by the _ rami of -.

A

Spinal, VENTRAL, C1-C4

75
Q

The cervical plexus is arranged as an _ series of _ where the branches of the plexus arise.

A

irregular, loops

76
Q

The branches of the plexus supply the _ and the _ muscles.

A

scalene, prevertebral

77
Q

The 2 main named branches of the cervical plexus are the _ _ and the _ _.

A

-phrenic nerve
-ansa cervicalis

78
Q

The phrenic nerve arises from the _ _ _ (,)

A

ventral ramus C4, (C3, C5)

79
Q

The phrenic nerve courses through the neck _ to scalene anterior and through the thorax _ to the root of the lung.

A

anterior, anterior

80
Q

The phrenic nerve courses through the neck anterior to the _ _ muscle and through the _ anterior to the _ of the _.

A

scalene anterior
thorax
root of the lung

81
Q

True or false: the phrenic nerve innervates only one muscle: the sternocleidomastoid

A

FALSE,
The DIAPHRAGM, not sternocleidomastoid

82
Q

Phrenic nerve innervates

A

DIAPHRAGM

PHRenic
diaPHRagm

83
Q

The Ansa Cervicalis is a loop of _ _ that lies _ to the carotid sheath.

A

nervous tissue, anterior

Ansa Cervicalis
Anterior to Carotid

84
Q

The Ansa Cervicalis is a loop of nervous tissue that lies anterior to the _ _.

A

Carotid Sheath

85
Q

The 2 roots of the ansa cervicalis:

A

-superior root
-inferior root

86
Q

True or False: The 2 roots of the ansa cervicalis are the anterior and posterior roots

A

FALSE;
superior and inferior

87
Q

The superior root of the ansa cervicalis is derived from _ and connects with the _ _

A

C1, hypoglossal nerve

88
Q

The inferior root is derived from _ and _.

A

C2 and C3

89
Q

True or false: the ansa cervicalis supplies all infrahyoid muscles.

A

FALSE;
all EXCEPT the THYROHYOID MUSCLE

90
Q

The superficial branches of the cervical plexus provide cutaneous supply to the _ region and the superior_

A

neck region and superior chest

91
Q

The superficial branches of the cervical plexus include:*

A

Lesser Octopi
Get A
Terrible Cuttlefish
Supper

-Lesser Occipital (C2, C3)
-Greater Auricular (C2, C3)
-Transverse Cervical ( C2, C3)
-SuPRAclavicular (C3, C4)

92
Q

CN X is AKA

A

Vagus Nerve

93
Q

The CNX AKA Vagus nerve first arises from the _ and courses thru a foramen in the _ of the skull…(1/4)

A

brain, base

94
Q

…The CNX AKA Vagus nerve, after going thru base of skull courses thru the _ in the _ _…(2/4)

A

neck, carotid sheath

95
Q

…The CNX AKA Vagus nerve, after going thru the neck, courses thru the _, which lies _ to the root of the lung…(3/4)

A

thorax, POSTERIOR

96
Q

…The CNX AKA Vagus nerve, after going thru thorax, courses thru the _ opening of the _ and enters the _ where it supplies abdominal muscles. (4/4)

A

esophageal , diaphragm, abdomen

97
Q

The sympathetic trunk is part of the _ nervous system

A

AUTOnomic

98
Q

The sympathetic trunk is found in the neck _ to the carotid sheath

A

POSTERIOR

99
Q

Vessels of the neck include(4 items):

A

-Common Carotid Arteries and their branches
-Subclavian Arteries and their branches
-Subclavian Veins
-Jugular Veins

100
Q

The aortic arch has 3 main branches including (3 items):

A

-Brachiocephalic Trunk
-Left Common Carotid Artery
-Left Subclavian Artery

101
Q

The Brachiocephalic Trunk divides into the following (2 items)

A

-Right Subclavian Artery
-Right Common Carotid Artery

102
Q

In general the subclavian arteries supply the _ _ and the carotid arteries supply the _ and _.

A

upper limbs, head and neck

103
Q

In general the subclavian arteries supply the _ _

A

upper limbs

104
Q

In general the carotid arteries supply the _ and _

A

head and neck

105
Q

The Right Common Carotid Artery arises from the _ _.

A

brachiocephalic trunk

106
Q

The Left Common Carotid Artery arises from the _ of the _.

A

Arch of the Aorta

107
Q

Both the right and left common carotid arteries ascend thru the _ into its respective _ _.

A

neck, carotid sheath

108
Q

Each common carotid artery terminates at the _ border of the respective side of the _ cartilage by dividing into its terminal branches, the _ and _ _ arteries.

A

upper border
thyroid cartilage
internal and external carotid arteries

109
Q

Internal Carotid Artery is a terminal branch of the _ _artery.

A

common carotid

110
Q

Each Internal Carotid Artery ascends within its respective _ _.

A

carotid sheath

111
Q

Each Internal Carotid Artery enters the cranial cavity thru the _ _ to supply the _.

A

carotid canal, brain

112
Q

True or false: The first branch of the internal carotid artery is the thyroid artery.

A

FALSE
does NOT give off any branches in the neck
the EXTERNAL carotid artery’s first branch is the thyroid artery

113
Q

Each External Carotid Artery ascends towards its respective _.

A

ear

114
Q

Each _ carotid artery gives off _named branches that supply all the structures of the neck on its respective side.

A

EXTERNAL, 8

115
Q

The first branch of the external carotid artery is the _ artery.

A

Thyroid artery

116
Q

The right subclavian ARTERY arises as a branch of the _ _.

A

brachiocephalic trunk

117
Q

The left subclavian ARTERY arises as a branch of the _ of the _.

A

arch of the aorta

118
Q

The subclavian ARTERY is AKA the _ artery at the _ border of the _ _.

A

AXILLARY ARTERY at the lateral border of the 1st rib

119
Q

Each subclavian ARTERY courses thru the neck on its respective side _ to the scalene anterior muscle. (1/2)

A

POSTERIOR

120
Q

Each subclavian ARTERY courses over the _ rib on its respective side and at the _ border of the _ rib it is called the _ artery. (2/2)

A

1st rib, lateral border, 1st rib, axillary

121
Q

One important branch of the subclavian ARTERIES is the _ artery which is the most posterior in the circle of Willis.

A

Vertebral

122
Q

Each vertebral artery ascends thru its respective foramina in the _ processes of the _ vertebrae… (1/3)

A

transverse processes, cervical vertebrae

123
Q

Each vertebral artery, after ascending thru the transverse processes of its CV, enters the _ cavity thru the _ _… (2/3)

A

cranial cavity, foramen magnum

124
Q

Each vertebral artery, after entering the cranial cavity, joins the _ artery of the _ side to form the _ artery… (3/3)

A

vertebral, opposite, basilar

125
Q

The basilar artery supplies the _ and is part of the _ of _.

A

brain, circle of willis

126
Q

Each subclavian VEIN arises as a continuation of its respective _ _ at the _ border of the _ rib. (1/3)

A

axillary VEIN, lateral, 1st rib

127
Q

Each subclavian VEIN courses thru its respective side of the neck _ to the _ _ muscle, which separates it from its respective _ _. (2/3)

A

ANTERIOR, scalene anterior muscle, subclavian ARTERY

128
Q

Each subclavian VEIN terminates by joining with its respective _ _ _ to form the _ _. (3/3)

A

INTERNAL jugular vein, brachiocephalic vein

129
Q

Each EXTERNAL jugular vein arises on its respective side from veins draining the _ and _. (1/3)

A

scalp and face

130
Q

Each EXTERNAL jugular vein courses _ on its respective side across the _ muscle.(2/3)

A

SUPERFICIALLY, sternocleidomastoid muscle

131
Q

Each EXTERNAL jugular vein terminates by joining its respective _ _.(3/3)

A

subclavian VEIN

132
Q

Each INTERNAL jugular vein arises as a continuation of the _ _ that drain the _.(1/3)

A

dural sinuses, CSF

133
Q

Each INTERNAL jugular vein courses thru the _ within its respective _ _.(2/3)

A

neck, carotid sheath

134
Q

Each INTERNAL jugular vein terminates by joining its respective _ _ to form the _ _.(3/3)

A

subclavian VEIN, brachiocephalic vein

135
Q

Fascia of the neck includes the _ _ (1 item)

A

carotid sheath

136
Q

The carotid sheath is a _ of fascia on each side of the _.

A

condensation, neck

137
Q

The carotid sheath surrounds 3 structures:

A

-common carotid artery or internal carotid artery
-internal jugular vein
-CNX AKA vagus nerve

Anatomy Dissection (39 decks)

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