Ch 18 Pharynx Flashcards
The pharynx is part of the _ and _ system and is found _ to the nasal cavity, larynx, and oral cavity.
digestive, respiratory, posterior
The pharynx is about _ cm long
12
The pharynx extends from the _ of the skull inferiorly to the _ cartilage below which lies at CV _ then is continuous with the _.
base, cricoid cartilage, CV 6, espohagus
The pharynx is _ shaped.
funnel
The widest part of the pharynx is just below the _
below the skull
The narrowest part of the pharynx is the _.
esophagus
The pharynx has openings to let it communicate with these 7 cavities:-
-nasal cavities (2)
-tympanic cavities (2)
-oral cavity
-larynx
-esophagus
The pharynx has 3 main parts:
-nasopharynx
-oropharynx
-laryngopharynx
True or false: the pharynx is anterior to the cavities of its components
FALSE not anterior
sits posteriorly to cavities of its components
The nasopharynx opens to the nasal cavity at the _ which is a bony aperture found at the junction of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx
CHOANAE not CONCHAE
The roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx form a continuous sloping surface that lies under the body of the _ bone and _ _ of the occipital bone
sphenoid, basilar part
The mass of lymphoid tissue found in the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx is called the _ _ AKA _.
pharyngeal tonsil AKA adenoids
pharyngeal tonsil is AKA
adenoids
-think adenoidectomy
If the adenoids AKA pharyngeal tonsils become too enlarged they can cause _ _
respiratory obstruction
The lateral wall of the nasopharynx is noted by the pharyngeal opening of the _ _
pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube
The Pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube is _cm posterior of the inferior nasal conchae
1.5cm posterior
The auditory tube = EustACHian tube =
Pharyngotympanic tube
Pharyngotympanic tube = EustACHian tube =
auditory tube
The auditory tube (know its 2 other names *) is _cm long and connects the _ cavity of the _ ear with the pharynx
3.5 cm long, tympanic cavity of the middle ear
The _-lateral 2/3 of the Eustachian tube (know its 2 other names*) is made of _ cartilage and relates to the pharynx
antero-lateral, elastic
The _-lateral 1/3 of the Eustachian tube (know its other 2 names*) relates to the middle ear and is _.
postero-lateral, bony
The cartilaginous part of the pharyngotympanic tube (know its other 2 names*) usually remains _ due to _ tissue.
collapsed, elastic tissue
The cartilaginous part of the pharyngotympanic tube (know other names*) opens with a small click during (3 items):
-swallowing
-yawning
-pressure changes within tympanic cavity and atmosphere
The pharyngotympanic tube has a medial end that is cartilaginous and projects into the nasopharynx on the lateral wall just _ to the auditory tube opening called the _ _.
superior to the tube opening, torus tubarius
torus=
swelling
The torus tubarius of the pharyngotympanic tube is made of 3 mucous membrane folds:
-salpingopalatine fold
-salpingopharyngeal fold
-torus levatorius
The salpingopalatine fold of the torus tubarius extends from the _ to the _ _.
torus, soft palate
The salpingopharyngeal fold of the torus tubarius extends from the _ to the _ wall of the pharynx.
torus to the lateral wall
The torus levatorius of the torus tubarius sits _ the 2 other folds and extends from the mouth of the tube to the _ _.
between, soft palate
Each fold of the torus tubarius exists because of the presence of a _ housed by the fold.
muscle
The part of the nasopharynx that is posterior to the torus tubarius and salpingopharyngeal fold is the _ _
pharyngeal recess
There is sometimes lymph tissue found in the pharyngeal recess which is called _ _
tubal tonsil
The nasopharynx communicates with the oropharynx via the _ _.
pharyngeal isthmus
The pharyngeal isthmus is bounded by the soft palate _ and the wall of the pharynx _.
anteriorly, posteriorly
The part of the pharynx posterior to the oral cavity is the _.
oropharynx
The oropharynx is continuous with the oral cavity via the _ _.
oropharyngeal isthmus
The superior border of the oropharyngeal isthmus is the _ _.
soft palate
The inferior border of the oropharyngeal isthmus is the _
tongue
The pillars of the fauces are the _ border of the oropharyngeal isthmus
lateral
The anterior pillar of the fauces is AKA =
palatoglossal arch
The palatoglossal arch AKA the anterior pillar of the fauces is a mucous membrane fold extending from the _ to the side of the _.
palate, side of tongue
The anterior pillar of the fauces AKA palatoglossal arch contains the _ muscle.
palatoglossal muscle
The posterior pillar of the fauces is AKA
palatopharyngeal arch
The palatopharyngeal arch AKA posterior pillar of the fauces extends from the _ _ to the _ side of the pharynx
soft palate, lateral side
The palatopharyngeal arch AKA posterior pillar of the fauces contain the _ muscle
palatopharyngeal
The tonsillar bed sits _ the anterior and posterior pillars of the fauces
between
The tonsillar bed contains the _ _.
palatine tonsil
Each palatine tonsil is a collection of _ tissue under t he mucous membrane of the _.
lymphoid, oropharynx
The laryngopharynx is AKA
hypopharynx
The laryngopharynx AKA hypopharynx extends from the _ _ of the epiglottis to the cricoid cartilage where it becomes continuous with the _.
upper border, esophagus
The laryngopharynx AKA hypopharynx lies _ to the larynx
posterior
The piriform recess lies on both sides of the _.
larynx
During swallowing a bolus of food is usually deviated _ by the epiglottis into one or two food channels called the _ _.
laterally, piriform recesses
The internal branch of the _ _ nerve AKA the _ _ nerve and superior _ artery course under the mucous membrane in each piriform recess.
superior laryngeal nerve AKA internal laryngeal nerve, laryngeal
The wall of the pharynx consists of layers of these (4 items)
-mucous membrane
-muscular layer
-fibrous layer
-fascial layer
The mucous membrane lining the internal surface of the pharynx is continuous with the mucous membrane lining which 4 structures:
-nasal cavity
-oral cavity
-auditory tube
-larynx
