Ch 11.1 Flashcards
What is decision making?
The process of choosing a course of action to solve a problem.
What are the three key points about decision making?
It involves choosing from multiple options.
It is a process, not just a final choice.
It requires commitment of resources (time, money, effort).
What is a problem in decision making?
A gap between an existing state and a desired state.
What is a well-structured problem?
A problem where:
The current situation is clear.
The goal is clear.
The solution is obvious.
What is programmed decision making?
Using pre-set rules, routines, or procedures to solve familiar problems quickly.
Examples of well-structured problems?
Approving loan applications.
Determining welfare payments.
Choosing a delivery route.
What is a downside of programmed decision making?
If the initial process is flawed, the outcomes will also be flawed (“garbage in, garbage out”).
What is an ill-structured problem?
A problem where:
The current situation is unclear.
The goal is unclear.
The solution is unknown.
Why are ill-structured problems difficult?
They are unique and complex.
They involve uncertainty and risk.
They often cause disagreements.
Examples of ill-structured problems?
Deciding whether to vaccinate a population.
Planning a hostage rescue mission.
Choosing where to build a new design center.
What is non-programmed decision making?
A problem-solving approach where decision-makers gather information, analyze options, and make a customized decision.
Why are ill-structured problems risky?
They involve high uncertainty.
They can have serious consequences.
They may require trial and error.
What are the key steps in decision making?
Identify the problem.
Gather information.
Develop possible solutions.
Evaluate options.
Choose and implement a solution.
Monitor results and adjust if needed.
What is the role of intuition in decision making?
Helps generate ideas and alternatives.
Works best when combined with logical analysis.
