B6.3.9 Flashcards

1
Q

What are monoclonal antibodies made up of

A

They are a fusion of tumour cells and lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is each monoclonal antibody designed to target

A

It is designed to target a specific type of cell. They bind to the antigen of the target cell. This kills the target cell or prevents it from operating effectively.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How are monoclonal antibodies produced

A

They are injected with the require antigen. The body then produces an immune response producing antibodies to the specific antigen. The lymphocyte cells are collected. These are then fused with tumour cells from the bone marrow which reproduce indefinitely. This is called a hybridoma.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do monoclonal antibodies look for

A

They search for the cell you wish to neutralise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When the hybridoma cells reproduce what happens

A

they form clones, each clone produces the required antibody, which is harvested. These proteins are monoclonal antibodies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How can monoclonal antibodies be used in pregnancy testing

A

When a woman becomes pregnant she produces a hormone called human chorionic gonadotrophin. The monoclonal antibodies have been produced that bind the hCG protein, causing a colour change reaction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How can monoclonal antibodies be used in detecting

A

They act as markers. By binding to a specific antigen, they confirm confirming its present.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How can monoclonal antibodies be used to treating cancers

A

They can also carry drugs or radioactive materials to directly to cancer ells increasing the effectiveness of the treatment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly