B2.2.6 Flashcards
What is biotechnology
Is the use of biological processes or living organisms to manufacture products, one example is genetically modified (GM) organisms. These are created when foreign genes are transferred into an organism.
What is genetic modification another name for
Is another name for genetic engineering
How do you genetically modify an organism
It includes an extra stage, during which the engineered bacterium or virus carries the modified gene into a plant or animal cell. Plasmids, bacteria and viruses can all be used as vectors to transfer a foreign gene into an organism.
What is the different step
The virus is injected into a plant cell. This is called insertion. The new gene is inserted into the host DNA. The new gene begins to work. The host is now a GMO. The GMO is then cloned producing a large number of individuals.