8/27/12 Flashcards

1
Q

What tumor marker should be monitored in pts w/ liver cirrhosis and at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Alpha-fetoprotein

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2
Q

CA-125 is a tumor marker elevated in 80% of people with _______.

A

ovarian cancer

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3
Q

Are the ACh receptors at the neuromuscular junction muscarinic or nicotinic? Ionotropic or metabotropic?

A

Nicotinic, ionotropic

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4
Q

Pt. w/ Marfanoid habitus, numerous flesh-colored nodules around the oral mucosa, and suspected medullary carcinoma of the thyhroid. Dx?

A

MEN 2B (Syndrome also includes pheochromocytoma.)

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of MEN 1 syndrome?

A

“diamond”; 3 P’s:
Pituitary tumor (prolactin or GH)
Parathyroid tumors
Pancreatic (gastrin, VIP, insulin, glucagon)

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of MEN 2A?

A

“square”; 2 P’s:
Parathyroids
Pheochromocytoma
Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (parafollicular cells)

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of MEN 2B?

A
"triangle"; 1 P:
Pheochromocytoma
Oral/intestinal ganglioneuromas
Medullary carc. of the thyroid
(Marfanoid habitus)
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8
Q

Name the hemorrhagic skin lesions in increasing order of size.

A

petechia, purpura, ecchymosis

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9
Q

What is the size of a purpuric lesion?

A

5mm - 1 cm

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10
Q

How does Protein A, found on the surface of S. aureus, prevent opsonization?

A

binds Fc portion of IgG

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11
Q

IgA protease is a virulence factor seen in some strains of _______.

A

Strep. pneumoniae

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12
Q

How do you differentiate Aspergillus from Rhizopus or Mucor in the nasal cavity of an immunosuppressed pt?

A

Aspergillus - V-shaped (45 deg) branching

Mucor/Rhizopus/Absidia - right angles

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13
Q

Black necrotic eschar in nasal mucosa of pt. who had DKA. Tx?

A

surgical debridement and amphotericin B

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