8/18/12

Question 0

Defects in which dopaminergic pathway are thought to cause schizophrenia?

Answer 0

mesolimbic-mesocortical

Question 1

What kind of genome do viruses that produce polycistronic RNA have?

Answer 1

(+)-sense, non-segmented ssRNA

ex. echovirus

Question 2

What dopaminergic pathway may be interrupted (e.g. by anti-psychotics) to cause galactorrhea?

Answer 2

tuberoinfundibular

Question 3

When and why is primaquine used?

Answer 3

Plasmodium vivax and P. ovale infections. Kills latent infection that resides in the liver.

Question 4

What is the difference between a myasthenic crisis and a cholinergic crisis in a pt. w/ MG? What diagnostic test can differentiate?

Answer 4

Myasthenic crisis results from too little ACh receptor activation. It will resolve upon administration of edrophonium. Cholinergic crisis results from overstimulation of ACh receptors and subsequent refractoriness – no improvement w/ edrophonium.

Question 5

What is the main function of ryanodine receptors?

Answer 5

They sense Ca+ influx into myocyte cytoplasm (from voltage-gated Ca++ channels on the PM) and release Ca++ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Question 6

Calculate half-life.

Answer 6

0.7 * Vd / CL

Question 7

Calculate loading dose.

Answer 7

Vd * Cpss / bioavailability

Question 8

Calculate maintenance dose.

Answer 8

CL * Cpss / bioavailability

Question 9

What’s the rule of thumb for Gram (-) anaerobes above the diaphragm and below?

Answer 9

Above - clindamycin

below - metronidazole

Question 10

Clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam are all _______.

Answer 10

beta-lactamase inhibitors

Question 11

Which antibiotics cause disulfiram-like side effects due to its inhibition of alcohol metabolism and the buildup of acetaldehyde?

Answer 11

Metronidazole and Cephalosporins

Don’t drive drunk; take the Metro!) (Cephalosporins make the alcohol go straight to your head!

Question 12

What enzyme is deficient in Niemann-Pick disease?

Answer 12

Sphingomyelinase!