7.2 Types of Lipids Flashcards
What are the 3 types of lipids?
Triglycerides (TG)
Sterols
phospholipids
What does a TG look like?
g l ~~~~~~~~~~ (fatty acids) y c e~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ r o~~~~~\_\_\_\_ l (backbone)
What is a degree of saturation?
The level of saturation that each fatty acid can have on a TG
What is a saturated fat (fatty acid)?
A fat with no double bonds in its structure.
It is saturated with the max amount of hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon.
What does a diet high in sat fats imply?
Higher risk of CVD (still in research)
What is an unsaturated fat (fatty acid)?
A fat with at least double bond in its structure.
There are less hydrogens (less saturated with hydrogens)
Why is the kink in the chain of unsat fats caused by?
Due to the structure (less hydrogen atoms)
What is a mono and poly unsaturated fatty acid?
mono - 1 double bond
poly - more than 1 double bond
Should we consume more unsat fats or sat fats?
unsat fats
What does it mean for a fat to be a cis unsat fat?
The hydrogen atoms are on the same (cis) side of the double bond
HH
| |
__
__
What is a trans unsat fat?
The hydrogen atoms are on opposite sides of the double bond
H | \_\_ \_\_ | H
______ fatty acids in high amounts increase risk of CVD and are negative for the body.
Trans
Where are the main places we find trans fats?
Highly processed foods like cookies.
What are the main types of fat we take into the body?
Triglycerides
_____ can also makes fatty acids different
Length
How do we take in medium chain and long chain fatty acids?
Diet
What are 2 essential fatty acids. What was it known as before? What are they used for? How are they obtained?
alpha-linolenic acid (omega 3) and linoleic acid (omega 6).
Vitamin F
Synthesize other fatty acids
Must be consumed from diet.
What is hydrogenation? Why would you want to do this?
Converting cis-fatty acids into trans-fatty acids. They are more stable and have a longer shelf life.
Phospholipids have only _ fatty acids and a phosphate group
2
