6.6 Carbs in Health and Disease Flashcards
What is hypoglycemia?
Low blood glucose
What are symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Dizziness, extreme hunger, headache, irritability, tiredness, mental confusion
What is the difference between reactive hypoglycemia and non-reactive hypoglycemia?
Reactive: due to excessive dose of insulin
Non-reactive: various causes (fasting, medication, pregnancy, alcohol, liver, heart, kidney disorders)
_____ is not inherently bad or good
sugar
What are extrinsic sugars?
Sugars added into foods
Foods high in _____ sugars are often energy dense and nutrient poor
extrinsic
Diets high in extrinsic sugars are associated to risks with what? Especially those with sugar-sweetened beverages.
CVD, diabetes, obesity
What are non-nutritive sweeteners?
Artificial sweeteners
Artificial sweeteners have negligible _______ and are __-____ times sweeter than sugar
calories, 30-1300
Do artificial sweeteners increase weight and risks for disease?
Still being studied, but no evidence that it reduces BMI
Is eating carbs guaranteed to increase your weight?
No, only if you take in more than your energy requirement
Why are sugar-sweetened beverages likely to increase your weight?
Promotes a decrease in fullness, which leads you to eat more
What is associated with lower BMI? Why?
Diet high in fibre, as it increases fullness
What are dental caries?
Cavities (holes that develop in teeth)
Why do carbs increase the risk of cavities?
Sugars provide food for bacteria to grow and thrive. Bacteria release acid that damages enamel when acting on sugars.
