7.4 Lipid Functions Flashcards
How much energy do lipids provide?
9 kcal/gram
How do lipids turn into ATP?
If carbs are adequate, TGs are metabolized and their products enter the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain to form ATP
How do lipids turn into ketones?
Carbs are not adequate and TG products do not enter the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain.
When are lipids stored and retrieved?
Stored during energy surplus, retrieved during energy deficit
Where are lipids stored and retrieved?
Adipose (fat) tissue
How are lipids stored into adipose tissue?
Chylomicrons and VLDL deliver fat to them
How do phospholipids help our body?
They make up the phospholipid bilayers (membranes) of cells and organelles
Lipids also facilitate the transport and storage of fat-soluble ______
vitamins
What are some fat-soluble vitamins?
A, D, E, and K
Why do fat-soluble vitamins need a lipoprotein for transport?
They are hydrophobic
Where are fat-soluble vitamins stored?
In adipose tissue
Lipids can synthesize other key molecules such as…
Cholesterol-derived molecules such as steroid hormones, bile salts, vitamin D
Essential fatty acid-derived molecules such as eicosanoids (signalling molecules, regulate diameter of blood vessels, etc), endocannabinoids (regulates hunger, reward, etc)
