1.2 Flashcards
____ refers to total amount of food we regularly consume
Diet
What is a nutrient?
Substances found in food required for maintenance, growth, and survival
The 6 categories of nutrients can be divided into _____ and ______ nutrients
macro, micro
Of the 6 categories of nutrients, what are the 3 energy yielding nutrients?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins
When is a nutrient considered organic?
It has carbon atoms
Of the 6 categories of nutrients, which are organic?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins
What is the defining characteristic of a nutrient? For example, carbohydrates are made up of hexagonal ________
The structure of their molecules
saccharides
What is the big difference between vitamins and minerals?
Vitamins are organic
A significant use for both vitamins and minerals is that they promote…
Enzymatic Activity
Unlike vitamins, minerals can provide ______ _________, like hardening your teeth and bones
body structure
Why should we consume lots of phytochemicals?
They may have positive health effects
What are examples of produce that contain flavonoids?
Blueberries and raspberries
What are examples of produce that contain carotenoids?
Carrots
Toxins can cause harm only when…
we consume above a certain threshold.
The FDA and Health Canada helps regulate the presence of ______ within food
toxins
What is an essential nutrient? What are some examples?
A nutrient that the body requires, but cannot bake itself. Amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, water
What are the 6 categories of nutrients?
Water, carbs, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals
What do carbohydrates consist of?
Sugars, starches, fibres
What do lipids consist of?
Triglycerides, fatty acids, sterols, phospholipids
Vitamins are both ___ and _____ soluble
fat, water
Minerals are just _____ elements
chemical
What are non-nutrients? What are some examples?
Substances found in food that are not considered nutrients. Phytochemicals, caffeine, toxins
What are phytochemicals?
Plant chemicals
How can flavonoids benefit us?
Anti inflammatory, anti-tumour, antioxidant effects
How can you reduce your exposure to toxins?
Throw out old/mouldy/foul-smelling foods
What is nutritionism?
A term that describes why reducing the effects of foods to the sum of their parts can be problematic
How can carotenoids benefit us?
antioxidant effects and synthesize vitamin A
