6/21/13 a Flashcards
What is the syndrome when a person has 3 family members w/ colon cancer over 2 generations, one of whom had it before the age of 50?
HNPCC (Lynch syndrome)
When should people w/ HNPCC start colonoscopy?
25 yo
How often should people w/ HNPCC get a colonoscopy?
q 1-2 yrs
What kind of colon polyps are found in juvenile polyposis?
hamartomas
What is seen on the lips of kids w/ Peutz-Jaeghers syndrome?
melanotic spots
When should people with FAP start colonoscopies? How often?
12 yo; q 1-2 yrs
What differentiates Gardner’s syndrome from the otrher collon tumor syndromes?
osteomas and soft tissue tumors
What differentiates Turcot’s from the other colon tumor syndromes?
CNS tumors
Which kind of leukemia will have a positive α-naphthyl esterase?
Acute MONOCYTIC leukemia (FAB M5)
What is unique about the clinical presentation of acute monocytic leukemia?
rapid onset w/ bleeding from gums/nose and gingival hyperplasia
What is the IV fluid of choice for moderate to severe hypovolemic hypernatremia?
normal saline
what is the iv fluid of choice for hypervolemic hypernatremia?
d5w
Intravascular hemolytic anemia + hepatic vein thrombosis =
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)
What is the molecular defect/mech in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?
no GP1 anchor protein –> RBC destruction by complement
How would acute angle-closure glaucoma present?
sudden onset eye pain, photophobia, redness, vision loss, and non-reactive pupil
Would an infarction affecting the optic nerve be painful?
no
What is the best Dx test for acute angle-closure glaucoma?
tonometry
cardiogenic pulmonary edema in the setting of longstanding htn is likely d/t _______.
LV diastolic dysfunction
What medication will act quickly to relieve dyspnea in a pt w/ LV hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction?
nitroglycerin
What condition is assoc’ed w/ “bones, stones, abdominal groans, and psychic moans”, as well as htn?
primary hyperparathyroidism
