5/28/13 a

Question 1

What is the tx of choice for hyperaldosteronism with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia?

Answer 1

spironolactone or epelerenone

Question 2

What is the mech of spironolactone?

Answer 2

aldo receptor antagonist

Question 3

What is the mechanism of action of amiloride, a K+-sparing diuretic?

Answer 3

blocks epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) of the distal convoluted tubule

Question 4

What is the treatment of choice for pts w/ hyperaldosteronism caused by a unilateral adrenal adenoma?

Answer 4

sugrical excision

Question 5

What is the triad of hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 5

hypertension, hypokalemia, and metabolic acidosis

Question 6

What are two prominent effects of trazodone that set it apart from many other antidepressants?

Answer 6

anxiolytic and sedative

Question 7

What are the criteria for mild-pre-eclampsia?

Answer 7

after 20 wks, BP>140/90, proteinuria >300 mg/24hrs or >1+ on dipstick

Question 8

WHat are the criteria for severe pre-eclampsia?

Answer 8

BP>160/110, proteinuria >5g/24hrs, or symptomatic

Question 9

What is the tx for mild pre-eclampsia?

Answer 9

very close monitoring (prob. hospitalization) and delivery at 37 wks

Question 10

Define neutropenic fever.

Answer 10

temp >38.0, NΦ <500

Question 11

What is the first-line therapy for neutropenic fever?

Answer 11

cefepime

Question 12

What class of Abx does cefepime belong to?

Answer 12

4th gen cephalosporins

Question 13

Cefepime’s broad spectrum of activity, including what organism makes it a good choice?

Answer 13

Pseudomonas

Question 14

What are the two forms of leprosy?

Answer 14

tuberculoid (paucibacillary) and lepromatous (multibacillary)

Question 15

What characterizes the immune response of tuberculoid leprosy?

Answer 15

strong cell-mediated and weak humoral response

Question 16

What characterizes the physical findings in tuberculoid leprosy?

Answer 16

large macular, hypopigmented or erythematous, anesthetic lesions with well-defined, raised margins

Question 17

What is the result of the lepromatous skin test in tuberculoid leprosy, usually?

Answer 17

(+)

Question 18

How is the Dx of leprosy confirmed?

Answer 18

skin biopsy

Question 19

What would you see on skin biopsy in a pt w/ leprosy?

Answer 19

inflamed nerve, acid fast bacilli, and morphologic features of the disease

Question 20

What characterizes the immune response in lepromatous leprosy?

Answer 20

strong humoral, weak cell-mediated response

Question 21

What characterizes the physical findings in lepromatous leprosy?

Answer 21

more disfiguring: thickened dermis, more insidious and progressive nerve disease

Question 22

What is the result of the lepromatous skin test in lepromatous leprosy, usually?

Answer 22

(-)

Question 23

Which form of leprosy carries a worse prognosis?

Answer 23

lepromatous

Question 24

What is the treatment regimen for tuberculoid leprosy?

Answer 24

rifampin + dapsone for 6 mos

Question 25

What is the treatment regimen for lepromatous leprosy?

Answer 25

rifampin + dapsone + clofazimine for 12 mos