6/17/13 Flashcards
What is the SCREWENING test for HIV?
ELISA
Once “potato nodes” are seen on x-ray in a pt suspected of sarcoid, what is the best next step to confirm the dx?
bronchoscopy and biopsy
What is the Tx for symptomatic sarcoidosis?
steroids
Although most pts. w/ IBD present in their 20s or 30s, there is a _______ with a second peak at age 60.
bimodal distribution
What anti-arrhythmic medication would prolong the heart rate as the heart rate increased?
flecainide
What phenomenon explains flecainide’s ability to prolong the QRS complex as the pulse increases?
“use-dependence”
What is the best next step for a small skin lesion suspicious for melanoma?
excisional biopsy w/ narrow borders
What should be done if an excised skin lesion is confirmed as melanoma?
excision of 1 cm borders; if depth greater than 1mm, also sentinal lymph nodes
Gaze abnormalities, vertigo, limb ataxia, sensory loss, and Horner’s syndrome represent a _______ infarct.
lateral medullary (Wallenberg syndrome)
What are the 3 components of Horner’s syndrome again?
ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis
What pulmonary infection of the immunocompromised may present on CT scan as pulmmonary nodules with a “halo sign” or an “air ccrescent”?
Histoplasmosis
What is the next step when Hx./PE suggest prostatitis?
urine sample
In addition to saline and insulin, what needs to be given to most pts experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HONK)?
K+
_______ is characterized by a hypochromic, microcytic anemia w/ elevated RBC count and a normal RDW. The MCV is generally very low.
Thalassemia
What is the RBC ct in thalassemia?
elevated
What is the RDW in thalassemia?
normal
What is the best medication to give to treat ethylene glycol or methanol poisoning?
fomepizole
What is the mechanism of action of fomepizole?
inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase
What infection that typically affects AIDS pts w/ CD4+ cts <100 causes a secretory diarrhea and malabsorption?
Cryptosporidium
