6/14/13 a (RTA, MI localization) Flashcards
What is the pathophysiological defect in RTA type 2?
inability to reabsorb bicarb in proximal tubule
Is the urine acidic or basic in RTA type 2 (after a little while)? Why?
acidic; body runs out of bicarb
What is the diagnostic test for RTA type 2?
give bicarb
What is the result of giving bicarb to a person who has RTA type 2?
urine becomes basic and blood remains acidotic
What are the clinical features of RTA type 2?
osteomalacia/rickets
How does RTA type 2 cause osteomalacia?
acidotic urine frees Ca+ from bones
What is the Tx for RTA type 2?
bicarb and thiazide
What is the pathophysiological defect in RTA type 4?
aldo deficiency
What lab abnormality distinguishes RTA type 4 from 1 and 2?
hi K+
What is the Tx for RTA type 4?
fludrocortisone
Why is the anion gap normal in all forms of RTA?
hi serum Cl-
A normal anion gap metabolic acidosis must either be RTA or _______.
diarrhea
What should be done for a recurrent chalazion?
istologic exam to rule out malignancy
What 2 kinds of cancer can masquerade as a recurrent chalazion (obstruction of the meibomian gland)?
meibomian gland carcinoma and BCC
What kind of pancreatic endocrine tumor causes watery diarrhea and hypokalemia?
VIPoma
What medication can help control the diarrhea of a VIPoma?
octreotide
What pancreatic endocrine tumor presents w/ necrotizing dermatitis, wt. los, anemai, and persistent hyperglycemia?
glucagonoma
Pts w/ carcinoid syndrome are most at risk of developing what vitamin deficiency?
niacin
Why does carcinoid syndrome cause niacin deficiency?
tryptophan is diverted to serotonin synthesis
ST depression in leads V1 and V2 suggest an MI in what region?
posterior wall
Which coronary vessel is usu occluded in inf. wall MI?
RCA
What vessel aside from the RCA could cause an nferior wall MI?
LCX
ST elevation in leads V1-V4 indicates an MI in which region?
septal
What vessel is occluded in an anterior septal myocardial infarction?
LAD
