6/10/13 Flashcards
What causes an S4?
LA contracting against a stiff, hypertrophic LV
What is the effect of hand-grip maneuver on the murmur of aortic stenosis?
decrease
Why does the murmur of aortic stenosis decrease with hand-grip?
up afterload –> less outflow from LV
What is the effect of the hand-grip maneuver on mitral regurgitation?
louder
What are the effects of squatting on preload and afterload?
both increased
What is the #1 cause of cancer death in women?
lung cancer
Which is the preferred treatment for pts w/ symptomatic, severe aortic stenosis, valve replacement or balloon valvuloplasty?
replacement
hi risk of restenosis w/ valvuloplasty
Pts w/ severe aortic stenosis (<1cm) and an ejection fraction less than ___ should undergo valve replacement.
50%
A cancer pt undergoing chemotherapy has acute renal failure w/ acidic urine w/ numerous uric acid crystals. What is the cause?
Tumor lysis syndrome
What does rasburicase do?
converts uric acid to allantoin
When a pt goes into PEA or asystole, what are the first 2 interventions, Mr. ACLS-certified?
CPR and Epi
How much Epi should be given, how often in the case of Asystole/PEA?
1mg every 3-5 min
Which β-adrenergic receptors are found in the heart?
β1
Which β-adrenergic receptors does propranolol work on?
β1 and β2
Which β-adrenergic receptors does metoprolol work on?
only β1
Which is preferred for chronic hep C (w/ elevated ALT, detectable HCV RNA, and at least moderate hepatitis), monotherapy or combined therapy?
combined
What drugs are used to treat chronic hep C?
interferon + ribavirin
Which type of esophageal carcinoma is assoc’ed w/ drinking and smoking?
squamous cell
What is the Tx for MALToma restricted to the stomach?
H. pylori triple therapy
_______ restults in left atrial dilation and a risk of atrial fibrillation and cardiac emboli. The pressure is also transmitted to the pulmonary vasculature, which can result in dyspnea, cough, and hemoptysis.
Mitral stenosis
What type makes up the majority of cancers on the lip?
squamous cell
