17 December Flashcards

1
Q

What is a condition in which macrogol should be used with caution and why?

A

Macrogol has a high sodium content so should be used with caution in heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should you always do when making recommendations to the team?

A

You should always quote your evidence when making recommendations to the team (such as relevant obs or labs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What should you consider with bedbound patients?

A

Patients lose 1% muscle mass every day they spend in bed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the role of oral iron in HFrEF

A

Oral iron has little evidence in HFrEF so should not be used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What must you keep in mind when monitoring the use of beta blockers in heart failure?

A

Beta blockers can increase BNP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How long should you wait after an iron infusion before starting oral iron?

A

Don’t start oral iron for 5 days post iron infusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do we approach iron supplementation in children?

A

We always want to use oral iron where possible in children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What reference should you cite for iron infusions in patients with heart failure?

A

There is a SALHN protocol for iron infusions in HFrEF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which is preferred in HFrEF and why: iron carboxymaltose or iron polymaltose?

A

Iron carboxymaltose is preferred to polymaltose in HFrEF because it has less fluid and better evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How should electrolytes be monitored for patients on furosemide?

A

For furosemide we monitor electrolytes every 1-2 weeks until stable, then every 6 months, and 1-2 weeks after every dose change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What monitoring is required after an iron carboxymaltose infusion?

A

Monitor EUC 2 weeks post iron infusions as iron carboxymaltose can cause hypophosphataemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the role of diltiazem in heart failure.

A

Diltiazem can worsen Heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the target haemoglobin in males with heart failure?

A

145

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the target haemoglobin in females with heart failure?

A

135

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does STML stand for?

A

Short Term Memory Loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the active ingredient in Rulide?

A

Roxithromycin

17
Q

When should you request iron studies?

A

You only need iron studies if haemoglobin is low

18
Q

What should you consider about the timing of iron studies?

A

Don’t take iron studies in infectious patients as ferritin will be falsely elevated

19
Q

What is claudication?

A

Muscle pain due to a lack of oxygen that’s triggered by activity and relieved by rest

20
Q

How are premature babies monitored in hospital?

A

Prem babies stay in NICU until they are at term

21
Q

How is carvedilol dosed?

A

Carvedilol is used once daily for hypertension and twice daily for heart failure

22
Q

Do you need consent before giving iron infusions?

A

Yes

23
Q

Do you always need to hold SGLT2 inhibitors for surgery?

A

Only if the patient is fasting

24
Q

What should you always remember when reviewing iron deficiency anaemia?

A

You should check the lowest level from this admission

25
Q

When should you request lipid studies?

A

Only if it is implicated in one of the patient’s current issues

25
Q

When should you request lipid studies?

A

Only if it is implicated in one of the patient’s current issues

26
Q

When should you request HbA1c?

A

Only if it is implicated in one of the patient’s current issues

27
Q

What is the drug class of milrinone?

A

Phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor

28
Q

What is the mechanism of action of milnirone?

A

Inotrope; increases force of myocardial contraction; systemic and pulmonary arterial vasodilator.

29
Q

What are two indications for milrinone?

A

Severe heart failure refractory to other treatment, for short-term use (48 hours) in intensive or coronary care units
Low cardiac output states, eg after cardiac surgery, particularly when associated with pulmonary hypertension