Infectious Diseases

Question 1

What is herpes simplex?

Answer 1

A virus causing contagious sores, most often around the mouth or on the genitals.

Question 2

What is herpes zoster opthalmicus?

Answer 2

Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO) is a reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus. (chickenpox virus) in the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V1)

Question 3

Chickenpox

Answer 3

A highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It can cause an itchy, blister-like rash.

Question 4

What is cytomegalovirus retinitis?

Answer 4

Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a viral infection of the retina. It is most often found in people with weak immune systems

Question 5

What is shingles?

Answer 5

A reactivation of the chickenpox virus in the body, causing a painful rash.

Question 6

What is pneumocystis pneumonia?

Answer 6

a serious infection caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii. Most people who get PCP have a medical condition that weakens their immune system, like HIV/AIDS, or take medicines (such as corticosteroids) that lower the body’s ability to fight germs and sickness.

Question 7

What is cold sepsis?

Answer 7

A patient presenting with sepsis with a normal or low body temperature.

Question 8

What is campylobacter enteritis?

Answer 8

A foodborne zoonosis that is usually self-limited.

Question 9

A foodborne zoonosis that is usually self-limited.

Answer 9

Rehydration

Question 10

When is antibiotic therapy indicated for campylobacter enteritis?

Answer 10

In those with severe disease. Therapy may also be reasonable in the third trimester of pregnancy, infants, the frail elderly, and in patients who are immunocompromised.

Question 11

What are the 3 first line antibiotics for campylobacter enteritis?

Answer 11

Azithromycin
Ciprofloxacin
Norfloxacin

Question 12

What is the most common regimen for antibiotic treatment of campylobacter enteritis at FMC?

Answer 12

Azithromycin 500 mg (child: 10 mg/kg up to 500 mg) orally, daily for 3 days

Question 13

How will a cytomegalovirus infection typically present?

Answer 13

Cytomegalovirus is typically only problematic in immunocompromised and/or pregnant patients.

Question 14

In the worst case, what are 4 complications which can be caused by a cytomegalovirus infection?

Answer 14

1. Vision loss
2. Intellectual disability
3. Pneumonia
4. Encephalitis

Question 15

If a patient has a fever, what should you always check?

Answer 15

If they are charted for antibiotics

Question 16

What is COVID-19?

Answer 16

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Most people who fall sick with COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover without special treatment. However, some will become seriously ill and require medical attention.

Question 17

What is sepsis?

Answer 17

A life-threatening complication of an infection which occurs when chemicals released in the bloodstream to fight an infection trigger inflammation throughout the body.