19 December 2022 Flashcards
Is valsartan on the formulary?
No
Is paroxetine on the formulary?
No
What are 2 indications of rosuvastatin?
- Hypercholesterolaemia
- High risk of cardiovascular disease
What is the mechanism of action of hydrochlorothiazide?
Moderately potent diuretics; they inhibit reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the proximal (diluting) segment of the distal convoluted tubule, increasing the delivery of sodium to the collecting tubules and producing a corresponding increase in potassium excretion.
When used in recommended low doses for hypertension, thiazides lower BP mostly by a vasodilator effect.
What 3 routes can metoclopramide be given by?
- Oral
- IM
- IV
What are 2 indications of Breo Ellipta (Fluticasone with vilanterol)?
Maintenance treatment of asthma in patients who require a medium-to-high dose of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) with a long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA)
COPD with FEV1 <50% and recurrent exacerbations despite treatment with a LABA
What is the dosage of topical terbinafine?
Apply once or twice a day:
Tinea corporis, tinea cruris, for 1–2 weeks.
Tinea pedis, for 1 week for interdigital type; for 2–4 weeks for plantar/moccasin type.
Cutaneous candidiasis, for 1–2 weeks.
What is the mechanism of action of gliclazide?
Increase pancreatic insulin secretion; may decrease insulin resistance.
Is saxagliptin on the formulary?
No
What should be done when generalised allergic reactions to insulin occur?
When generalised allergic reactions occur, switching to another insulin or desensitisation may be necessary
Are different brands of fentanyl interchangable?
No
What should you do when switching between different brands of fentanyl?
When switching, begin new brand with its starting dose and titrate to minimise serious toxicity.
What type of laxative is bisacodyl?
Stimulant laxative
What are 5 indications of esomeprazole?
- GORD
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (and other pathological hypersecretory conditions)
- H. pylori eradication, as part of an effective regimen
- Treatment of NSAID-induced gastric ulcer, prevention of NSAID-induced peptic ulcer and short-term treatment of upper GI symptoms associated with NSAIDs
- Prevention of peptic ulcer rebleeding
What is a practice point to consider with a glyceryl trinitrate patch?
To avoid nitrate tolerance with glyceryl trinitrate patch, ensure a patch-free period of at least 8 hours (ideally 10–12 hours) in each 24 hour period; patch-free period is usually overnight (unless nocturnal angina symptoms)
What are 2 indications of nebivolol?
- Hypertension
- Chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction as part of standard treatment
What is the indication of nicorandil?
Prevention and treatment of stable angina
What are 4 indications of ramipril?
- Hypertension
- Post MI in patients with heart failure
- Prevention of MI, stroke, cardiovascular death or need for revascularisation procedures in patients >55 years with either coronary artery disease, stroke or peripheral vascular disease, or diabetes and 1 or more risk factors (hypertension, smoking, microalbuminuria, high total cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, previous vascular disease)
- Prevention of progressive renal failure in patients with persistent proteinuria (>1 g daily)
How many tablets are in a strip of nicorandil?
10
What is the maximum dose of glyceryl trinitrate patch?
15 mg/24 hours
What is the indication of oxycodone?
Severe pain
What are 3 indications of morphine?
- Severe pain
- Opioid adjunct during general anaesthesia
- Refractory chronic dyspnoea (on specialist advice)
What is the first-line treatment option for otitis media (when pharmacotherapy is indicated)?
Amoxicillin 15 mg/kg up to 500 mg orally, 8-hourly for 5 days.
What is the dosage of thiamine in acute alcohol withdrawal?
300 mg IM or IV, daily for 3 to 5 days then 300 mg orally, daily for several weeks
Which CAL should you always attach to thiamine vials?
Protect from light
What is lanreotide?
A somatostatin analogue which inhibits the release of growth hormone and of various peptides of the gastroenteropancreatic endocrine system (including insulin)
Describe the use of insulin around surgery.
Monitor blood glucose and test ketones perioperatively; insulin infusion may be required in complex or prolonged surgery.
Is there a difference between olanzapine wafers and orally-disintegrating tablets?
Yes. The wafers dissolve much faster and thus are preferred for PRN treatment of agitation
What is the maximum accepted haemoglobin in patients treated with epoetin lambda for anaemia of chronic renal failure?
120 g/L
What is tacrolimus also known as?
FK‑506
