02 November 2022

Question 1

What is restrictive lung disease?

Answer 1

A decrease in the total volume of air that the lungs are able to hold, often due to a decrease in the elasticity of the lungs, or a problem related to the expansion of the chest wall during inhalation.

Question 2

What does hypercapnia mean?

Answer 2

Hypercapnia is the increase in partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) above 45 mmHg.

Question 3

What is a laparotomy?

Answer 3

A laparotomy is a surgical incision (cut) into the abdominal cavity

Question 4

What is adhesiolysis?

Answer 4

Adhesiolysis is a procedure performed to break up and remove adhesions.

Question 5

What is a loop recorder?

Answer 5

An implantable loop recorder, also known as an insertable cardiac monitor, is a small device that is implanted under the skin of the chest for cardiac monitoring, to record the heart’s electrical activity for an extended period.

Question 6

What causes serum lactate to rise?

Answer 6

Anaerobic metabolism (I.e. insufficient oxygen)

Question 7

Where can you see if a patient is on oxygen therapy?

Answer 7

Under flowsheets

Question 8

https://pathologytestsexplained.org.au

Answer 8

Pathology tests explained

Question 9

What are x causes for heart failure exacerbations?

Answer 9

lack of adherence to drug therapy for heart failure
dietary lapse (eg excessive fluid, salt or alcohol intake)
tachyarrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia or sustained ventricular tachycardia
bradyarrhythmias such as sinus bradycardia or heart block
myocardial ischaemia or infarction (see Acute coronary syndromes)
drug therapy [Note 1], for example:
negatively inotropic drugs (eg verapamil, diltiazem)
salt-retaining drugs (eg corticosteroids, NSAIDs [including selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors])
thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone)
certain chemotherapeutic drugs (eg anthracyclines, trastuzumab)
infection (eg bronchopneumonia, urinary tract infection, endocarditis)
pulmonary embolism (see Venous thromboembolism: treatment)
iron deficiency
anaemia
hyperthyroidism or excessive thyroxine replacement therapy
acute valvular dysfunction (eg mechanical valve dysfunction including rupture of mitral valve chordae tendineae, perforated valve).

Question 10

Heart failure eTG

Answer 10

https://tgldcdp-tg-org-au.salus.idm.oclc.org/viewTopic?etgAccess=true&guidelinePage=Cardiovascular&topicfile=heart-failure&guidelinename=Cardiovascular&sectionId=toc_d1e47#toc_d1e47

Question 11

What must you always consider when assessing CRP?

Answer 11

Check if the patient is on any antibiotics or antiinflammatories which may give a decreased reading.

Question 12

What must you remember when selecting a GTN product?

Answer 12

The sublingual tablets have been discontinued; however a substitute may be available via Section 19A approval.

Question 13

What is a section 19A approval?

Answer 13

TBC

Question 14

Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis in Medical Patients –
Management Guidelines

Answer 14

file:///C:/Users/lellio05/Downloads/Venous%20Thromboembolism%20(VTE)%20Prophylaxis%20in%20Medical%20Patients%20-%20Management%20Guidelines%20-%20SALHN%20-%2020220429%20v1.11.pdf

Question 15

Management of patients at risk of alcohol withdrawal in acute hospitals

Answer 15

https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/7ded16804c937bcd84138c6fd538dbf3/Management+of+patients+at+risk+of+alcohol+withdrawal+in+acute+hospitals+Clinical+Guideline.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=ROOTWORKSPACE-7ded16804c937bcd84138c6fd538dbf3-nXRN5uz

Question 16

Enoxaparin

Answer 16

https://amhonline.amh.net.au/chapters/blood-electrolytes/anticoagulants/heparins/enoxaparin

Question 17

Renal impairment and antimicrobial dosing

Answer 17

https://tgldcdp-tg-org-au.salus.idm.oclc.org/viewTopic?etgAccess=true&guidelinePage=Antibiotic&topicfile=antimicrobial-dosing-renal-impairment&guidelinename=Antibiotic&sectionId=toc_d1e468#toc_d1e468

Question 18

Metoclopramide

Answer 18

https://amhonline.amh.net.au/chapters/gastrointestinal-drugs/antiemetics/dopamine-antagonists/metoclopramide?menu=hints

Question 19

Dutasteride

Answer 19

https://amhonline.amh.net.au/chapters/genitourinary-drugs/drugs-benign-prostatic-hyperplasia-prostatitis/alpha-reductase-inhibitors/dutasteride

Question 20

Tamsulosin

Answer 20

https://amhonline.amh.net.au/chapters/genitourinary-drugs/drugs-benign-prostatic-hyperplasia-prostatitis/selective-alpha-blockers/tamsulosin

Question 21

What does OHCA stand for?

Answer 21

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Question 22

Describe the role of carbon dioxide in the body.

Answer 22

Carbon dioxide is a metabolic product of the many cellular processes within the body, and there are several physiological mechanisms that the body has to moderate of carbon dioxide levels.

Question 23

Describe the role of carbon dioxide in the body.

Answer 23

Carbon dioxide is a metabolic product of the many cellular processes within the body, and there are several physiological mechanisms that the body has to moderate of carbon dioxide levels.

Question 24

Describe the role of carbon dioxide in the body.

Answer 24

Carbon dioxide is a metabolic product of the many cellular processes within the body, and there are several physiological mechanisms that the body has to moderate of carbon dioxide levels.

Question 25

Is adhesiolysis invasive?

Answer 25

It is a minimally-invasive procedure.

Question 26

What is adhesiolysis also called?

Answer 26

Lysis of Adhesions.

Question 27

What are adhesions?

Answer 27

Adhesions are thick or thin bands of scar tissue between adjoining organs and structures.