06-30 Flashcards
allegation
[͵æləˋgeʃən]
n. 斷言; 申述; 辯解; 主張
misconduct
[mɪsˋkɑndʌkt]
n. 不規矩; 不端行為; 通姦; 錯誤處置; 管理不善
vt. 做錯; 對…管理不善; 對(異性)行為不端
ordeal
[ɔrˋdiəl]
n. 嚴峻考驗; 苦難, 折磨[C][S1] The parents went through a terrible ordeal when their child was kidnapped. 當孩子遭到綁架時, 父母親經受了一次可怕的折磨。; 神裁法(古條頓族施行的判罪法, 如將嫌疑犯的手浸入沸水中, 受神主宰, 手無損, 則無罪)[U]
unscathed
[ʌnˋskeðd]
a. 未受傷的; 未受損失的
impugn
[ɪmˋpjun]
vt. 責難; 抨擊
tarnish
[ˋtɑrnɪʃ]
vt. 使失去光澤, 使變灰暗 Air and moisture tarnish silver. 空氣和潮濕使銀子失去光澤。; 敗壞, 玷污(名譽等) The scandal tarnished his reputation. 醜聞敗壞了他的名譽。
vi. 失去光澤, 變灰暗; 蒙受恥辱, 被玷污
n. [S] 晦暗, 無光澤; 玷污; 污點; (金屬表面的)失澤膜
sully
[ˋsʌlɪ]
vt. 弄髒; 玷污; 使丟臉
n. 污點; 損傷
provincial
[prəˋvɪnʃəl]
a. 省的[Z][B]; 外省的, 外地的[Z][B]; 鄉氣的, 粗野的; 地方性的; 偏狹的 His art is primitive and provincial . 他的藝術原始而粗野。; (傢俱等)樸素的; 平常的
n. [C] 地方居民; 外省人; 鄉下人; 興趣(或眼界)狹窄的人; 粗野的人
formulation
[͵fɔrmjəˋleʃən]
n. 公式化(的表述); 規劃; 構想
assimilate
[əˋsɪm!͵et]
vt. 消化吸收(食物) The body assimilates protein. 軀體吸收蛋白質。; 吸收(知識等); 理解 It’s not easy to assimilate so many ideas. 吸收那麼多思想很不容易。; 使(民族、語音)同化[(+to/into)] America has assimilated millions of immigrants. 美國同化了千百萬移民。; 使相似[(+to/with)]; 把…比作[(+to/with)] assimilate a conqueror to a robber 把征服者比作強盜
vi. 被吸收; 被消化 Some foods assimilate easily. 有些食物很容易被吸收。; 被同化[(+into)] Some foreigners assimilate easily into our way of life. 有些外國人容易被我們的生活方式同化。; 成為相似[(+to/with)]
petulant
[ˋpɛtʃələnt]
a. 任性的, 脾氣壞的 The expression around her mouth was petulant . 她的嘴角露出一種任性的表情。; 【舊】無禮的, 莽撞的
acclaim
[əˋklem]
vt. 向…歡呼; 為…喝采; 稱讚[O9] Critics acclaimed the new play. 批評家們盛讚這齣新戲。; (以歡呼聲)宣佈; 擁立[O9] The mob acclaimed him emperor. 亂民擁立他為皇帝。
vi. 歡呼; 喝采
n. 歡呼; 喝采; 稱讚[U] His achievements earned him the acclaim of the scientific community. 他的成就贏得了科學界的讚譽。
cosmic
[ˋkɑzmɪk]
a. 宇宙的 cosmic dust 宇宙塵; 外層空間的; 廣大的, 無限的 a scandal of cosmic proportions 極其轟動的丑聞
modulate
[ˋmɑdʒə͵let]
vt. 調整; 控制; 緩和; 【音】使變調; 聲調抑揚地唱; 【無】調制
homogeneity
[͵homədʒəˋniətɪ]
n. 同種; 同質; 【數】同次性
metamorphose
[mɛtəˋmɔr͵foz]
vt. 使變形; 【地】使變質
refrain
[rɪˋfren]
vi. 忍住; 抑制, 節制; 戒除[(+from)] Please refrain from spitting on the sidewalk. 請不要在人行道上吐痰。
vt. 【古】克制, 抑制 He could hardly refrain himself. 他幾乎不能自制。
presumptuous
[prɪˋzʌmptʃʊəs]
a. 放肆的; 冒昧的; 專橫的
venture
[ˋvɛntʃɚ]
n. [C] 冒險; 冒險事業, 投機活動 They were the astronauts on the first venture to the moon. 他們是首次登陸月球探險的太空人。; 投機活動; 企業 He has started a joint venture in Singapore. 他已在新加坡辦起一家合資公司。
vt. 使冒險; 冒…之險; 拿…冒險 They ventured their lives in exploring the desert. 他們冒了生命危險去沙漠探險。; 以…作賭注[(+on)] He ventured large sums of money on speculative stocks. 他將大筆的錢拿去做股票投機。; 大膽提出(或說出); 敢於[+to-v][+that] I venture that you are wrong. 我冒昧說一句, 你錯了。 No one ventured to speak to him. 無人敢跟他講話。
vi. 冒險; 大膽行事[(+on)] He is too timid to venture upon a new undertaking. 他太膽小, 不敢從事新的事業。 The children ventured out on the thin ice and fell through. 孩子們冒險踏上薄冰, 結果掉了進去。
censorious
[sɛnˋsorɪəs]
a. 好批評的, 好吹毛求疵的
moralistic
[͵mɔrəˋlɪstɪk]
a. 說教的; 教訓的; 道德家的; 注意道德的; 道學的
astronomical
[͵æstrəˋnɑmɪk!]
a. 天文學的; 天文的 an astronomical observatory 天文臺; (指數量)龐大的 Astronomical sums of money will be needed for this project. 這項工程需要異常龐大數額的資金。
defiance
[dɪˋfaɪəns]
n.[U] 反抗; 蔑視, 藐視 His defiance of the law cost him dearly. 蔑視法律使他付出沈重的代價。; 挑戰 They declared open defiance to the government. 他們公然向政府挑戰。
mineral
[ˋmɪnərəl]
n. [C] 礦物 Tin is a mineral . 錫是礦物。; 【化】無機物; 【英】礦泉水; 蘇打水; 薑汁啤酒[P]
a. 礦物的, 礦質的 Those countries are rich in mineral resources. 那些國家礦物資源很豐富。; 【化】無機的
scarce
[skɛrs]
a. 缺乏的; 不足的[F] Food and fuel were scarce in this region. 這地區食物和燃料都很缺乏。; 稀有的, 珍貴的 Very old stamps are scarce . 年代久的郵票是珍貴的。
ad. 【古】【書】僅僅; 幾乎不; 幾乎沒有(=scarcely)
subsidize
[ˋsʌbsə͵daɪz]
vt. 給…津貼, 補助, 資助 Farming is partly subsidized by the government. 農業部分受政府補貼。; 用錢買通, 向…行賄
valedictory
[͵væləˋdɪktərɪ]
a. 【美】告別的
n. (畢業生代表的)告別演講; 告別辭
oration
[oˋreʃən]
n. 演說, 演講[C] a funeral oration 悼詞
rigidity
[rɪˋdʒɪdətɪ]
n. 堅硬; 嚴格; 剛直; 死板
gloss
[glɔs]
n. 光澤、色彩。虛飾、假象
vt. 上光、使有光澤、掩蓋。
n. 註解, 評註[C] I couldn’t understand the book without the gloss . 沒註解我看不懂那本書。
vt. 在…上作註解
breach
[britʃ]
n. (對法律等的)破壞, 違反; (對他人權利的)侵害[C][U] Your action is a breach of the agreement. 你們的行為違背了協議。 Police arrested the demonstrators for committing a breach of the peace. 警察以破壞和平罪逮捕了示威者。; 破裂; 裂痕; 缺口[C] The waves made a breach in the sea wall. 海浪將防波堤衝開一個缺口。; 中斷, 中止[C]; 鬧翻, 絕交[C] He opened a breach with his cousin after the quarrel. 那次爭吵後, 他與表兄鬧翻了。; (浪的)衝擊; (衝擊海岸的)碎浪[C]
vt. 破壞, 違反; 侵害 breach an agreement 違反協定; 衝破, 突破; 撕裂 The enemy’s fierce attack finally breached the wall. 敵人猛烈進攻, 終於攻破城牆。
frail
[frel]
a. 身體虛弱的 Mrs. Warner is already 96 and too frail to live by herself. 華納太太已經九十六歲了, 身體虛弱, 不便獨居。 Her health is very frail . 她的身體十分虛弱。; 易損壞的; 不堅實的 The bridge is a frail wooden structure. 這座橋的木質結構, 很不結實。; 渺茫的 He has only a frail chance of winning the prize. 他獲獎的可能極小。; 意志薄弱的, 易被引誘的
n. 【美】【俚】少女, 少婦[C]
valiant
[ˋvæljənt]
a. 勇敢的, 英勇的 He made a valiant attempt to rescue the child. 他勇敢地試著去救那孩子。
n. 勇敢的人, 勇士[C]
passage
[ˋpæsɪdʒ]
n. 通行; 通過[U] The road is too narrow to allow the passage of gondola. 這條街太窄, 大型貨車不能通過。 He forced a passage through the crowd. 他強行通過人群。; 通路; 水路; 出入口[C] Magellan was trying to find a passage to the Indian Ocean. 麥哲倫試圖找到一條通向印度洋的通道。; 走廊, 過道[C] His office is at the end of the passage . 他的辦公室在走廊的盡頭。; (時間的)推移[U] Their friendship has survived the passage of time. 他們的友誼經受住了時間的考驗。; 旅行, 航行; 船費, 旅費[U][S1] We had a stormy passage across the channel. 我們橫渡海峽時遇到了風暴。; (法案等的)通過[U] Passage of the bill depends on public support. 這一法案的通過依靠公眾的支持。; 遷移, 移居[U]; 通行權, 通行許可[U] The king granted them passage through his realm. 國王准許他們通過他的領土。; (文章, 樂曲等的)一段, 一節[C] People have different interpretations of the passage . 人們對這一段文字有不同的解釋。
vi. 通過, 經過; 航行, 旅行
revile
[rɪˋvaɪl]
vt. 辱罵, 謾罵; 痛斥 The tramp reviled the man who drove him off. 那流浪漢謾罵將他趕走的人。
vi. 辱罵, 謾罵[(+at/against)]
conjecture
[kənˋdʒɛktʃɚ]
n. 推測, 猜測; 推測的結果[U][C][+that] Her conjecture that the election would be a landslide proved to be true. 她關於選舉會大獲全勝的推測證明是正確的。; 【古】占卜
vt. 推測出; 對…作推測[+that][Y] The press conjectured that a summit conference would take place. 報界猜測將會召開最高級會議。
vi. 推測, 猜測
referent
[ˋrɛfərənt]
n. 【語】指示對象
mimic
[ˋmɪmɪk]
vt. (通過學樣)戲弄; 模仿, 學…的樣子; 照樣子畫 The actor amused the audience by mimicking some well-known people. 那位演員模仿某些名人, 以此逗樂觀眾。; 與…極相似; 呈現…的形象 There are insects which mimic leaves. 有些昆蟲極像葉子。 wood painted to mimic marble 漆得酷似大理石的木頭
n. [C] 善於模仿的人; 能模仿人的動物; 滑稽劇演員, 小丑
a. [B] 模仿的; 好模仿的; 模擬的 a mimic battle 一場模擬戰; 非真的, 假裝的 mimic tears 假裝的眼淚
indication
[͵ɪndəˋkeʃən]
n. 指示; 指點; 表示[U][(+of)] This map gives no indication of the heights of the hills. 這張地圖沒有標出這些山的高度。; 徵兆; 跡象; 暗示[C][U][(+of)][+that] There are indications that the weather is changing. 有好些跡象顯示天氣要變了。; 【礦】【美】有開採價值的跡象[C]; 指示器讀數 The speedometer indication was 45 miles. 速度計讀數是四十五英里。
disjunction
[dɪsˋdʒʌŋkʃən]
n. 分離; 分裂
redundancy
[rɪˋdʌndənsɪ]
n. 過多, 多餘, 冗餘, 重複[U]; 多餘物, 多餘量; 冗語, 贅詞[C] His speech is full of redundancies . 他的講話冗語連篇。; 【電腦】冗位, 多餘; 【主英】(因勞動力過剩而造成的)裁員, 解雇[U][C]
folly
[ˋfɑlɪ]
n. 愚蠢; 愚笨[U] My folly has cost me dearly. 我的愚蠢使我損失慘重。; 蠢事, 愚行; 傻念頭[C] The old man felt regret for the follies of his youth. 老人很後悔他年輕時的愚行。 It would be folly to quit your job before finding a new one. 在你找到新的工作前就辭職是不明智的。; 造價高而無用的怪異建築物[C]
innocuous
[ɪˋnɑkjʊəs]
a. 無害的; 無毒的
detrimental
[dɛtrəˋmɛnt!]
a. 有害的; 不利的
n. 有害的人(或物); 【古】不受歡迎的求婚者
confound
[kənˋfaʊnd]
vt. 使混亂; 使困惑; 使不知所措 Our clever tactics confounded our opponents. 我們的巧妙戰術弄得對手不知所措。; 混淆; 弄錯[(+with)] Don’t confound the means with the ends. 不要把手段和目的混淆起來。; 討厭; 該死; 【古】使羞愧; 【古】挫敗; 毀壞
recapitulate
[͵rikəˋpɪtʃə͵let]
vt.vi. 扼要重述; 概括; 【音】再現
intricacy
[ˋɪntrəkəsɪ]
n. 錯綜複雜; (因複雜而產生的)難以理解; (常複數)錯綜複雜的事物
futility
[fjuˋtɪlətɪ]
n. 無益, 徒勞[U] the futility of their attempts 他們的嘗試無效
decadence
[ˋdɛkədəns]
n. 衰微; 墮落
remuneration
[rɪ͵mjunəˋreʃən]
n. 酬報, 酬勞; 償還, 賠償[U]; 酬金; 薪資; 賠償金[C] He received a generous remuneration for his services. 他收到一筆豐厚的勞務酬金。
statute
[ˋstætʃʊt]
n.[C]【書】 法令, 法規; 成文法 Working hours are limited by statute . 工作時間有法令限制。; 章程, 規則; 條例 The Union’s statutes forbade them from holding high office. 工會章程禁止他們擔任高級公職。
absurd
[əbˋsɝd]
a. 不合理的, 荒謬的; 可笑的, 愚蠢的 It is absurd to go out in such terrible weather. 在這麼惡劣的天氣裡出去太荒唐。 His idea is absurd . 他的想法是愚蠢可笑的。
aristocracy
[͵ærəsˋtɑkrəsɪ]
n. (總稱)貴族[the S][G] The highest-ranking members of the Spanish aristocracy are the grandees. 西班牙貴族中爵位最高的成員乃是大公。; 特權階級; 上層社會[the S][G]; 貴族的統治; 貴族統治的國家[U][C]; 一批傑出代表, 一批優秀人物[C][(+of)] an aristocracy of scientists 科學界精英; 精英統治[U]; 貴族氣派[U]
remarkable
[rɪˋmɑrkəb!]
a. 值得注意的; 非凡的; 卓越的[(+for)] He is a remarkable linguist. 他是一位傑出的語言學家。
uncanny
[ʌnˋkænɪ]
a. 奇怪的; 怪異的; 可怕的 An uncanny light seemed to be coming from the castle. 一道神祕的光像是從古堡中射出的。; 神奇的, 不可思議的; 不尋常的 an uncanny ability to foresee the future 預見未來的神奇本領
reserve
[rɪˋzɝv]
vt. 儲備, 保存; 保留[(+for)] These seats are reserved for special guests. 這些座位是為特別來賓保留的。 We will reserve the money; we may need it later. 我們將把這筆錢存起來, 也許以後用得著。; 預約, 預訂 They have reserved rooms at a hotel. 他們已預訂了旅館房間。 I have reserved a table at the restaurant. 我已在飯店預訂了一桌菜。; 延遲作出; 暫時不作 The court will reserve judgement. 法庭將延期判決。
n. 儲備(物); 儲備金; 保留(物); 儲藏量[C][U][(+of)] The old man kept a large reserve of firewood for cold weather. 這位老人貯存了大量的柴薪以備天冷時用。; 保留地; 保護區; 禁獵區[C]; 儲備選手, 候補[C]; 克制; 沈默寡言; 含蓄; 冷淡[U] He spoke with reserve . 他說話謹慎。; 預備軍, 後備隊; 預備役軍人[P1] The reserves were quickly mobilized during the war. 戰爭期間後備隊很快動員起來。
deference
[ˋdɛfərəns]
n.[U] 服從; 遵從 They were married in church out of deference to their parents’ wishes. 他們遵從父母的願望在教堂舉行了婚禮。; 敬意, 尊敬 He showed deference to his coach. 他尊重教練。
elated
[ɪˋletɪd]
a. 得意揚揚的; 興高采烈的
bane
[ben]
n. 剋星, 禍根[the S] She is the bane of his life. 是她毀了他。; 【文】災害; 毀滅; 死亡[U]; 【古】毒藥, 毒物(用於複合詞, 如ratsbane)[U]
prerogative
[prɪˋrɑgətɪv]
n. 特權[C][S1] Unfortunately new ideas are not the prerogative of those who spent a long time doing research. 不巧的是, 新觀念並非為長時間從事研究工作的人所壟斷。; (獨特的)優點[C]; 【古】領先; 優先
obligation
[͵ɑbləˋgeʃən]
n. (道義上或法律上的)義務; 責任[C][U][(+to)][+to-v] We were under obligation to finish the work in a satisfactory way. 我們有義務圓滿地完成工作。 You are under no obligation to buy the house if you have not signed a purchase agreement. 如果你沒有簽訂購買合同, 就不一定非買這房子不可。 Our parents fulfilled their obligation to support us. 父母親盡到了撫養我們的責任。; 恩惠[C][(+to/toward)] I will take care that my obligations to you shall be amply repaid. 我一定會加倍報答您對我的恩惠。; 合約, 契約; 證券[C] The builder failed to fulfill the terms of his obligation . 營造商未能履行合同的條款。; 償付債務的款項[C] The lawyer drew up a legal paper discharging him from all obligations . 律師擬定了一份法律文件, 免除他所有的債務款項。
syntactic
[sɪnˋtæktɪk]
a. 按照句法的; 句法的
tyrant
[ˋtaɪrənt]
n.[C] 暴君; 專制君主 For years the country was ruled by a tyrant . 這個國家被一個暴君統治了好多年。; 暴君似的人; 專橫的人 Her grandfather was a tyrant who insisted on absolute silence at the dinner table. 她祖父是個專橫的人, 堅持吃飯時絕對禁止講話。; 嚴酷的事物, 苛刻的事物; (古希臘的)僭主, 僭王
reluctant
[rɪˋlʌktənt]
a. 不情願的; 勉強的[+to-v] She was reluctant to give her money away. 她不願意把錢送給別人。; 【罕】阻撓的, 頑抗的[(+to)]
fraud
[frɔd]
n. 欺騙(行為); 詭計; 騙局[C][U] He was found guilty of fraud . 他被判決犯有詐騙罪。; 騙子; 假貨[C] That man was a fraud . 那人是騙子。
acolyte
[ˋækə͵laɪt]
n. 【宗】(天主教)侍祭; 侍僧; 沙彌; 助手; 隨從; 新手
maniacal
[məˋnaɪəkəl]
a. 發狂的, 癲狂的
absurdity
[əbˋsɝdətɪ]
n. 荒謬; 荒誕[U] His story of being kidnapped by little green men was sheer absurdity . 他說他遭到矮小的綠種人綁架, 這純粹是無稽之談。; 荒謬的言行; 怪誕的事物[C] The absurdities he uttered at the dinner party landed his wife in an awkward situation. 他在宴會上講的荒唐話使他太太陷入窘境。
mediocrity
[͵midɪˋɑkrətɪ]
n. 平凡; 平庸; 平庸的人
conformism
[kənˋfɔrmɪzm]
n. 盲從因襲的態度
singularity
[͵sɪŋgjəˋlærɪtɪ]
n. 獨一, 唯一; 罕有[U]; 非凡, 突出[U] They are convinced of the singularity of their good taste. 他們確信自己的趣味高雅非凡。; 奇特, 奇怪[U]; 怪癖; 奇特的事物[C]; 【天】奇點[C]
ostentation
[͵ɑstɛnˋteʃən]
n. 虛飾; 賣弄
figure
[ˋfɪgjɚ]
n. [C] 外形; 體形; 人影 I saw a figure in the darkness. 我看到暗處有一個人影。; 體態; 風姿 She has an attractive figure . 她有迷人的曲線。 She has a slender figure . 她身材苗條。; 人物; 名人 He has become a figure known to everyone. 他已成了一個知名人物。; 數字 Where did you get those figures ? 你從哪兒得到那些數字的?; 數量; 金額; 價格 His work now commands huge figures . 他的作品現在值大價錢。; 圖表; 圖解; 插圖 Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons. 我們的教科書有許多圖表幫助解釋課文。; (溜冰等)花式; 舞步; 圖形; 畫像; 塑像
vt. 計算 Please help me to figure out my income tax. 請幫我算一下我的所得稅。; 認為, 以為; 估計[Y][+(that)]; 料到 How do you figure that? 你如何料到的? I figure that you’d want your coffee. 我想你要喝咖啡了。; 描繪; 描述; 象徵
vi. 出現; 露頭角; 扮演角色[(+as/in)] John figured as chief guest at the party. 約翰在這次聚會上是主賓。; 做算術, 計算 The book keeper figured well. 這位簿記員長於計算。; 【美】【口】合乎情理; 有道理 That doesn’t figure ! 那沒道理!
suffrage
[ˋsʌfrɪdʒ]
n. 投票[U]; 選舉權, 投票權[U] When was universal suffrage introduced in your country? 你們國家是什麼時候開始賦予公民普選權的?; 所投的票; 贊成票[C]; 【宗】代禱
continuation
[kən͵tɪnjʊˋeʃən]
n. (間斷後的)再開始; 繼續不斷; 延續[U][S1] Continuation of my work was difficult after I had been ill for six months. 我生了半年病後, 對繼續工作感到很困難。; 續編; 添附物; 延長部分[C] The children hoped that the continuation of the serial would be more interesting. 孩子們希望連續廣播劇的續編會更有趣些。
